纯电车型侧面柱碰近端乘员损伤特征及保护

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对纯电车型在侧面柱碰工况中近端WorldSID 50^th假人手臂不易抬起导致胸部伤害高的问题，提出了侧面柱碰撞手臂运动理论分析方法，然后结合整车碰撞中乘员和车体运动响应及车体变形模式分析，揭示了纯电车型近端假人不易抬手臂原因，确定了侧气囊抬手臂的关键设计参数。制定使假人各部位受力分布均衡保护策略，并通过整车试验验证了策略有效性。结果表明：经优化后，侧面柱碰近端乘员总体得分提升22.24%，假人的胸部、腹部、髋部伤害分别降低68.89%、3.62%、8.53%，头部和肩部伤害增加3.75%和5.33%（满分余量仍大于20%）。这些结果，将为纯电车型开发中侧面柱碰的乘员保护，提供一定的参考。

关键词: 纯电车型, 侧面柱碰, 乘员保护, 变形模式, 侧气囊

Abstract:

A theoretical analysis method was proposed for dummy arm kinematics in side pole collision to address the issue of thorax injuries caused by unlifted arm compression during side pole impact of electric vehicle. The root causes of uneasy lifting arm in electric vehicle were revealed combining with the analysis of occupant kinematics response, vehicle kinematics response and vehicle deformation mode in crash test. The key design factors of lifting dummy arm were determined for side airbag in side pole collision. A strategy of more balanced force distribution in dummy regions was proposed with the effectiveness of the strategy being verified through vehicle crash tests. The test results show that the overall performance of near side occupant is improved by 22.24%, with the injuries reducing of 68.89% for chest, 3.62% for abdomen. and 8.53% for pelvis; The head and shoulder injuries increase 3.75% and 5.33% with a safety design margin greater than 20% compared with before optimization. These results will provide some guidance for the electric vehicle developing with occupant protection in side pole impact.

Key words: electric vehicles, side pole impact, occupant protection, deformation mode, side airbags

中图分类号:

U467.1

郭建保, 康巍, 鞠春贤, 王刚, 刘闯. 纯电车型侧面柱碰近端乘员损伤特征及保护[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(6): 839-847.

GUO Jianbao, KANG Wei, JU Chunxian, WANG Gang, LIU Chuang. Injury characteristics and its protection for the near side occupants in side pole impacts of electric vehicles[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(6): 839-847.

图/表 16

参考文献 21

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项目	动力车型	a_{3 ms}/ g	胸部肋骨压缩量/ mm			肩部力/ kN	总分
项目	动力车型	a_{3 ms}/ g	上	中	下	肩部力/ kN	总分
01	燃油	57.30	25.41	22.10	27.21	2.08	16.00
02	混动	65.03	24.12	22.50	26.82	2.23	16.00
03	燃油	66.08	26.12	24.43	22.63	2.07	16.00
04	混动	67.02	26.88	19.51	27.52	1.94	16.00
05	混动	51.03	24.71	22.80	22.41	2.07	16.00
06	燃油	60.02	29.72	24.90	34.21	2.36	15.24
07	混动	65.04	27.21	18.70	22.91	2.06	16.00
08	混动	63.03	22.21	23.41	23.92	2.32	16.00
09	燃油	61.02	28.01	27.71	32.34	2.51	15.84
10	混动	61.10	22.03	24.61	22.71	1.23	16.00
11	纯电	48.02	44.04	33.42	28.62	1.94	13.08
12	纯电	51.03	45.22	31.01	26.81	2.11	12.87
13	纯电	59.04	47.61	36.51	22.42	2.18	12.43
14	纯电	62.52	42.41	24.61	25.23	1.94	13.38
15	纯电	56.29	37.28	35.62	29.81	2.01	14.31

项目	动力车型	a_{3 ms}/ g	胸部肋骨压缩量/ mm			肩部力/ kN	总分
项目	动力车型	a_{3 ms}/ g	上	中	下	肩部力/ kN	总分
01	燃油	57.30	25.41	22.10	27.21	2.08	16.00
02	混动	65.03	24.12	22.50	26.82	2.23	16.00
03	燃油	66.08	26.12	24.43	22.63	2.07	16.00
04	混动	67.02	26.88	19.51	27.52	1.94	16.00
05	混动	51.03	24.71	22.80	22.41	2.07	16.00
06	燃油	60.02	29.72	24.90	34.21	2.36	15.24
07	混动	65.04	27.21	18.70	22.91	2.06	16.00
08	混动	63.03	22.21	23.41	23.92	2.32	16.00
09	燃油	61.02	28.01	27.71	32.34	2.51	15.84
10	混动	61.10	22.03	24.61	22.71	1.23	16.00
11	纯电	48.02	44.04	33.42	28.62	1.94	13.08
12	纯电	51.03	45.22	31.01	26.81	2.11	12.87
13	纯电	59.04	47.61	36.51	22.42	2.18	12.43
14	纯电	62.52	42.41	24.61	25.23	1.94	13.38
15	纯电	56.29	37.28	35.62	29.81	2.01	14.31

手臂运动	α_y / [(°)·ms^-2]	α_z / [(°)·ms^-2]
基础	0.36	3.04
策略1	1.41	1.13
策略2	1.59	0.31

手臂运动	α_y / [(°)·ms^-2]	α_z / [(°)·ms^-2]
基础	0.36	3.04
策略1	1.41	1.13
策略2	1.59	0.31

项目	侧气囊袋型	a_{3 ms} / g	胸部肋骨压缩量/ mm			肩部力 kN	总分
项目	侧气囊袋型	a_{3 ms} / g	上	中	下	肩部力 kN	总分
11	老袋型	52.14	43.21	26.61	24.51	2.05	13.24
	策略1	58.26	24.33	25.12	26.23	2.23	16.00
	策略2	62.31	23.23	24.54	27.01	2.61	16.00
12	老袋型	48.24	46.32	28.23	23.21	2.16	12.67
	策略1	54.31	26.94	25.23	27.52	2.32	16.00
	策略2	55.23	22.72	22.51	24.61	3.31	12.00
13	老袋型	53.12	49.52	23.52	20.72	2.23	12.09
	策略1	58.14	28.61	23.21	27.81	2.38	15.89
	策略2	62.36	25.52	22.52	23.73	3.81	12.00
14	老袋型	52.18	44.72	23.52	21.21	2.08	12.96
	策略1	54.27	24.22	25.13	26.21	2.12	16.00
	策略2	56.32	21.53	23.71	24.82	2.38	16.00
15	老袋型	53.14	39.4	32.01	21.51	2.12	12.93
	策略1	57.25	23.5	24.72	26.53	2.26	16.00
	策略2	59.31	22.7	23.61	24.51	2.82	16.00