Abstract:

The performances of hybrid propulsions and hybrid brakes of various electric vehicles (EVs)
significantly affect their energy efficiency and their safety. The development statuses were worldwide reviewed
for the hybrid propulsion and hybrid braking technologies from the aspects of the parameter matching and
optimization, the blending energy management, and the dynamical cooperative control to conclude and analyze
the scientific topics and generic technologies. Further researches that need to be carried out in the hybrid
propulsion and the hybrid braking to improve EV performances include the parameter matching and optimization
when vehicle dynamics considered, the construction of cyber-physical system which can provide a platform
for online management of vehicle multi-source and dual-way driving and braking energy, and the investigation
of dynamic characteristics, blended mechanisms, and cooperative control for dynamical-process of the hybrid
propulsion and the braking systems under critical driving situations.

Key words: electric vehicle (EV), hybrid propulsion;, hybrid braking, matching and optimization, energy management, cooperative control