质子交换膜燃料电池随行波流场设计与传质特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的膜电极的传质性能与电池的功率密度，设计了一种以圆弧凹面作为强化传质结构的随行波流场板。结合铣削工艺，实现了随行波流场结构的制造。采用计算流体动力学软件，建立包括随行波流场与膜电极在内的燃料电池三维模型。实验验证了该模型的准确性。探索了强化传质结构对电池内部速度场、浓度场及电场的分布规律，分析了电池性能的提升效果。结果表明：与流道深宽0.6 mm×0.8 mm的常规流场相比，该文的随行波流场的平均流速提升了27.7%，压损降低了19.2%，双极板—气体扩散层界面的氧气含量提升了1.44%，出口的排水速率增大16.7%，功率密度提升了8.6%。

关键词: 质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）, 随行波流场, 传质性能, 功率密度

Abstract:

A traveling-wave flow-field plate with an arc concave surface was designed as an enhanced mass transfer structure to improve the mass transfer performances of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and to improve the power density of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). By combining milling technology, the manufacturing of traveling wave flow field structures has been achieved. Using computational fluid dynamics software, a three-dimensional model of the PEMFC was established, including the traveling wave flow field and MEA. The accuracy of the model was experimentally verified. Explored the distribution pattern of enhanced mass transfer structure on the internal velocity field, concentration field, and electric field of PEMFC, and analyzed the improvement effect of PEMFC performance. The results showed that compared with the conventional flow field with a channel 0.6 mm depth and 0.8 mm width, the average flow velocity of the traveling wave flow field in this article increased by 27.7%, the pressure loss decreased by 19.2%, the oxygen content at the interface between the flow field plate and MEA increased by 1.44%, the drainage rate at the outlet increased by 16.7%, and the power density increased by 8.6%.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), traveling-wave flow-field, mass transfer performances, power density

中图分类号:

U469.7

朱鑫宁, 王茜, 刘荣康, 朱思明, 张剑波, 周伟. 质子交换膜燃料电池随行波流场设计与传质特性[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(3): 351-359.

ZHU Xinning, WANG Xi, LIU Rongkang, ZHU Siming, ZHANG Jianbo, ZHOU Wei. Structural design and mass-transfer performances of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a traveling-wave flow-field[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(3): 351-359.

图/表 14

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迎风面长度/ mm	3.75
迎风凹面半径/ mm	14.38
背风面长度/ mm	1.25
背风凹面半径/ mm	4.95
随行波总长度/ mm	5.00
波峰高度/ mm	0.50

迎风面长度/ mm	3.75
迎风凹面半径/ mm	14.38
背风面长度/ mm	1.25
背风凹面半径/ mm	4.95
随行波总长度/ mm	5.00
波峰高度/ mm	0.50

名称	型号	精度
流量控制器	D07-19C	准确度(FS) =±1%
温度控制器	Al-508	精度(FS) =±0.2%
直流稳压器	MP15100D	稳定度≤0.2%
背压阀	HBP-1	分辨率 1 kPa

名称	型号	精度
流量控制器	D07-19C	准确度(FS) =±1%
温度控制器	Al-508	精度(FS) =±0.2%
直流稳压器	MP15100D	稳定度≤0.2%
背压阀	HBP-1	分辨率 1 kPa

参数	随行波流场	常规流场
流道深/ mm	1.0	0.6
流道宽/ mm	1.0	0.8
流道长/ mm	48.0	48.0
肋宽/ mm	1.0	0.9
流场长/ mm	50.0	50.0
流场宽/ mm	50.0	50.0
活化面积/ mm²	2 500	2 500
气体扩散层厚/ mm	0.2	0.2
催化层厚/ μm	1.0	1.0
PEM 厚/ μm	3.0	3.0
模型1 / 万	160	487.5
模型2 / 万	400	975.0