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汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2019, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3): 300-307.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2019.03.005

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

双前轴转向机构的运动分析及优化设计

王成志，王云超   

  1. （集美大学 机械与能源工程学院，厦门 361021，中国）
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-15 出版日期:2019-09-30 发布日期:2019-10-01
  • 作者简介:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575233)。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575233)。

Kinematic analysis and optimization synthesis for double front axle steering mechanism

WANG Chengzhi, WANG Yunchao   

  1. (School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China)
  • Received:2019-03-15 Online:2019-09-30 Published:2019-10-01

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摘要：

为完成转向杆系的优化设计，用空间坐标变换理论，推导了双前轴转向系统控制的各轮转角 解析关系式。根据Ackermann定理，以最大绝对误差为目标函数作数学优化，以最大绝对误差及最 小传动角的等值线图等可视化技术为辅助，对双前轴转向车辆转向杆系，进行了优化分析。结果表明： 该方法可以在保证最小传动角的情况下，使双前轴的转向车轮在一定的转角范围内的最大转角误差皆 小于1.18?。该方法减少优化过程的盲目性，容易获得符合实际需求的机构参数。建议：应选择合适 的梯形臂长作为数学优化下限；转向机构应保证车轮能在三个运动位置精确实现纯滚动。

关键词: 车辆工程 , 转向系统 , 双前轴转向系 , Ackermann转向原理 , 运动分析 ,  , 优化设计 ,  , 可视化综合

Abstract:

An analytical co-relationship between the steering angles of the steering wheels in a double front axle steering vehicle was deduced by using space coordinate transformation theory to optimize a steering mechanism. A design problem of the steering mechanism was optimized and improved mathematically in a double front axle steering vehicle according to the Ackermann′s principle, by taking the maximum absolute value of steering error as the objective function, with the help of visualization technology such as contour maps of the maximum absolute steering errors of wheels and the minimum transmission angles in steering mechanism. The results show that the absolute steering errors on all steering wheels are less than 1.18° in allowable range of the wheel steering motion, and the steering trapeziums have a suitable minimum transmission angles. This method avoids the blindness in optimization process, and is easy to get suitable trapezoidal parameters that meet actual conditions. The suggestions are taking suitable steering trapezium arm length as the lower limit of optimization, and ensuring the steering wheels exactly fulfill the pure rolling at three positions when vehicle travelling.

Key words: vehicle engineering , steering systems ,  double-axle steering mechanism , Ackermann steering principle ,  kinematics analysis , optimization design , visualizing synthesis.