某驱动桥主减速器的振动特性分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

用仿真和试验方法,分析了某汽车驱动桥桥壳主减速器的振动特性。用HyperMesh软件,建立有限元模型。在OptiStruct模块中,进行模态分析,求解主减速器壳的固有频率和模态振型。进行了模态实验和振动与噪声测试。将有限元分析结果与实验结果进行对比。结果表明:主减速器壳的固有频率大于1.2 kHz,刚度较大。模态振型主要集中于主减速器壳的后端。验证了主减速器壳有限元模型的准确性。在转速1 800~2 000 r/min工况下,振动与噪声水平超标。分析其频率与倍频,推测与主减速器轮齿的振动有关。这些结果可为后续驱动桥噪声、振动与声振粗糙度（NVH）性能优化提供参考。

关键词: 汽车工程, 驱动桥, 主减速器壳, 有限元方法, 模态分析, 振动与噪声测试

Abstract:

The vibration characteristics were analyzed for the main-reducer of an automobile drive-axle housing by using simulations and tests. A finite element (FE) model was established with HyperMesh. Modal analysis was carried out within an OptiStruct module to solve the natural frequency and modal vibration mode of the main-reducer housing. Modal experiments and vibration and noise tests were carried out. The FE analysis results were compared with the experimental results. The results show that the main-reducer shell natural frequency is greater than 1.2 kHz with a large stiffness. The modal shapes happen mainly at the rear end of main-reducer housing. The accuracy of the main reducer housing FE model is verified. The vibration and noise level exceed the standard value at 1 800~2 000 r/min. By analyzing its frequency and frequency doubling, it is speculated that it is caused by the vibration of the main-reducer gear-teeth. These results may be references for NVH (subsequent noise, vibration and harshness) performance optimization of drive-axle.

Key words: automotive engineering, driving axle, main-reducer housing, finite element method, modal analysis, vibration and noise tests

中图分类号:

U463.2

黄志超, 赵乙光, 胡义华, 柳明. 某驱动桥主减速器的振动特性分析[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2021, 12(3): 298-304.

HUANG Zhichao, ZHAO Yiguang, HU Yihua, LIU Ming. Vibration characteristics analysis on driving-axle main-reducer[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2021, 12(3): 298-304.

图/表 16

参考文献 12

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材料	QT450-10
弹性模量,E	198 GPa
Poiison比	0.27
密度,ρ	7.3 kg·dm^-3

材料	QT450-10
弹性模量,E	198 GPa
Poiison比	0.27
密度,ρ	7.3 kg·dm^-3

阶数	f / kHz	振型说明
1	1.341	后端径向、二阶失圆
2	2.792	后端轴向、一阶变形
3	3.546	后端轴向、二阶变形
4	4.321	中间轴向、变形
5	4.821	后端径向、三阶失圆
6	5.377	整体弯曲

阶数	f / kHz	振型说明
1	1.341	后端径向、二阶失圆
2	2.792	后端轴向、一阶变形
3	3.546	后端轴向、二阶变形
4	4.321	中间轴向、变形
5	4.821	后端径向、三阶失圆
6	5.377	整体弯曲

阶数	f / kHz	振型
1	1.300	后端径向失圆
2	2.600	后端轴向变形
3	3.487	后端轴向变形
4	4.173	中间轴向变形
5	4.730	后端径向失圆
6	5.435	整体弯曲