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汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2020, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1): 36-43.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2020.01.003

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

邻车切入工况下前撞预警系统的驾驶人依赖特性

李国法 1,2，赖伟鉴 1，廖   源 2,3，王文军 2,*，成  波2   

  1. （1. 深圳大学 机电与控制工程学院人因工程研究所，深圳 518060，中国；
        2. 清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重 点实验室，北京 100084，中国；
        3. 查尔姆斯理工大学 空间地球环境系物理资源理论部，哥德堡，41296，瑞典）
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-21 出版日期:2020-03-31 发布日期:2020-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 王文军 (1978—)，男( 汉)，吉林，副教授。E-mail: wangxiaowenjun@tsinghua.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:第一作者 / First author： 李国法（1986—），男（汉），河南，特聘副研究员。E-mail: hanshan198@gmail.com。 第二作者 / Second author： 赖伟鉴（1995—），男（汉），广东，硕士研究生。E-mail: wj_lai@foxmail.com。
  • 基金资助:
    汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金 (KF1801) ；国家自然科学基金青年项目(51805332) ；第 4届中国汽 车工程学会青年人才托举工程培养计划。

Driver reliance characteristics on forward collision warning systems in adjacent vehicle cut-in situations

LI Guofa 1,2，LAI Weijian 1，LIAO Yuan 2,3，WANG Wenjun 2 *，CHENG Bo2   

  1. (1. Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; 
     2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 
     3. Division of Physical Resource Theory, Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 41296, Sweden)
  • Received:2019-05-21 Online:2020-03-31 Published:2020-04-01

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摘要： 为提升邻车切入工况下的行车安全，基于驾驶模拟实验平台，研究了驾驶人对前撞预警系统 的依赖特性评价方法以改进预警系统的设计。以预警时机（即碰时间 TTC）为研究变量，采集了12 名 驾驶人的实验数据，以制动依赖指数、次任务评分为 2项客观指标，以危险度评分、信任度评分为 2 项主观指标，建立了评价体系模型，实现了对驾驶人系统依赖程度的量化评价。设计了L9(34)正交实验， 建立了依赖特性评价回归模型。结果表明：预警时机（TTC）对依赖特性的影响最为显著：过晚的预警 时机（TTC = 2.4 s）降低系统的有效性；过早的预警时机（TTC =1.2 s）易导致驾驶人对系统过度依赖。 因而，适度推迟预警时机（TTC = 1.8 s）可以抑制依赖性的产生，提升系统的安全性。

关键词: 驾驶安全 , 前撞预警系统 , 驾驶行为 , 依赖性 , 预警时机 , 邻车切入

Abstract:  An evaluation method was investigated to assess driver reliance characteristics on forward collision warning systems based on a driving simulator to improve driving safety in adjacent vehicle cut-in situations. Using alarm timing (time to collision, TTC) as the control variable, driving behavior data from 12 participants were collected in adjacent vehicle cut-in situations. Two objective indexes (brake reliance index and secondary task index) and two subjective indexes (risk level index and trust level index) were proposed to establish the evaluation system model to realize the quantitative evaluation of driver reliance level on the systems. An L9(34) orthogonal experiment was designed and conducted. Regression models of driver reliance indexes were established. The results show that alarm timing is the most significant factor affecting driver reliance. A late alarm (TTC = 2.4 s) degrades the effectiveness of the systems, while an early alarm (TTC = 1.2 s) causes drivers’ over-reliance on the systems. Therefore, appropriately delaying the alarm timing (TTC = 1.8 s) can improve driver reliance for safety considerations.

Key words: driving safety ,  forward collision warning system ,  driving behavior ,  driver reliance , alarm timing , adjacent vehicle cut-in situation