Submarining injury mechanism and its protect measures for rear seat occupant under frontal impact

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.04.004

Abstract

Abstract:

The mechanism occurring occupant submarining was investigated to design an anti-submarining facilities of occupant restraint system. An finite element method (FEM) was used to compares the submarining tendency of different rear occupant FEMs (Hybrid III, FAST GHBMC and THUMS) in frontal crash, and found that the submarining trend of the occupant was related to the deformation of spine. The THUMS human model with high bio-realism was used to design submarining protection facilities for rear passengers with improving parameters of occupant restraint system to comparing the effects on the head, chest and other parts of human body. Six anti-submarining schemes are selected, such as increasing seat cushion angle, increasing seat cushion length and installing anti- submarining facilities under the condition that other occupant damage indexes meet the requirements of relevant laws and regulations. The results show that the optimal anti- submarining scheme is to install anti- submarining lever with a maximum safety-belt slip-distance of only 7 mm.

Key words: vehicle safety, occupant restrained system, occupant submarining, occupant injuries, finite element models (FEM)

CLC Number:

U467.1+3

WANG Donglin, HU Zichen, ZHAO Liang, JIN Pengfei, TANG Liang. Submarining injury mechanism and its protect measures for rear seat occupant under frontal impact[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2021, 12(4): 467-474.

Figures/Tables 13

References 18

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方案序号	调整参数	调整量	影响参数
1	座椅坐垫角度	增大15°	θ_P、θ_B
2	座椅坐垫长度	增大100 mm	θ_B
3	地板固定点	前移100 mm	θ_P、θ_B
4	防下潜档杆	加装	θ_B
5	地板固定点	降低100 mm	θ_B
6	前排座椅距离	减小100 mm	θ_P、θ_B

方案序号	调整参数	调整量	影响参数
1	座椅坐垫角度	增大15°	θ_P、θ_B
2	座椅坐垫长度	增大100 mm	θ_B
3	地板固定点	前移100 mm	θ_P、θ_B
4	防下潜档杆	加装	θ_B
5	地板固定点	降低100 mm	θ_B
6	前排座椅距离	减小100 mm	θ_P、θ_B

方案	ΔL_max / mm
方案	左侧	右侧
1	8.06	22.18
2	9.28	14.27
3	13.65	72.35
4	1.64	7.19
5	6.57	21.11
6	17.57	31.00

方案	ΔL_max / mm
方案	左侧	右侧
1	8.06	22.18
2	9.28	14.27
3	13.65	72.35
4	1.64	7.19
5	6.57	21.11
6	17.57	31.00

方案	a / g			D_Ch / mm	F / kN
方案	头部	胸部	骨盆	D_Ch / mm	左侧大腿	右侧大腿	腰椎轴向
1	64.2	49.2	47.0	1.2	0.5	0.7	1.1
2	61.5	45.3	53.5	2.1	0.3	0.4	2.3
3	54.1	64.0	69.2	5.6	1.4	0.9	2.6
4	59.0	41.8	46.7	0.5	0.3	0.4	2.2
5	58.5	80.1	49.8	4.7	1.0	0.4	2.3
6	49.0	38.9	53.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.0