Near and far end occupant injury risk in non-regulatory side impact conditions

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.01.006

Abstract

Abstract:

The kinematic response and the injury risk of occupants in non-regulatory side-impact conditions were investigated to improve the safety performances of vehicles in real accidents. A Finite element simulation model for two types of vehicles (sedan and SUV (Sports Utility Vehicle)) in three collision conditions (the front-angle collision, the oblique-angle collision, and the mid-range collision) with the sedan's side collision was established using the 50th male dummy of WorldSID (Abaqus Worldwide Side Impact Dummy), and the global side-impact dummy of Abaqus. The results show that different collision conditions have significant effects on the proximal and distal occupant kinematic responses and the head and chest injuries; In the SUV-sedan-beveled-angle collision conditions, the risk of head injury for the distal occupant is much greater than that for the proximal occupant, in which the head injury index, HIC₁₅, reaches 3 011, which is far more than the severe injury limit of 700; In the SUV-car-center collision condition, the chest compression of the near-end occupant is 57.5 mm and the abdominal compression is 88.7 mm, both exceeding the injury limit value.

Key words: vehicle safety, side impact, near- and far-end occupant, injury risk, head injury criterion(HIC), 50th dummy, finite element method

CLC Number:

HAN Yong, XU Guochao, LI Mingwang, PAN Di, ZHANG Haiyang. Near and far end occupant injury risk in non-regulatory side impact conditions[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2025, 16(1): 57-65.

Figures/Tables 9

References 31

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碰撞工况	头部3 ms合成加速度 / g		HIC₁₅
碰撞工况	近端乘员	远端乘员	近端乘员	远端乘员
阈值	高性能限72；	低性能限80 ^[19]	高性能限500；	低性能限700 ^[19]
轿车-轿车-斜角碰撞	39.4	41.3	115.8	147.4
轿车-轿车-前角碰撞	27.9	28.3	61.4	58.1
轿车-轿车-中部碰撞	25.2	23.9	41.3	34.4
SUV-轿车-斜角碰撞	54.0	194.0	417.7	3011.0
SUV-轿车-前角碰撞	40.6	38.0	134.7	108.6
SUV-轿车-中部碰撞	65.1	38.3	453.7	198.5

碰撞工况	头部3 ms合成加速度 / g		HIC₁₅
碰撞工况	近端乘员	远端乘员	近端乘员	远端乘员
阈值	高性能限72；	低性能限80 ^[19]	高性能限500；	低性能限700 ^[19]
轿车-轿车-斜角碰撞	39.4	41.3	115.8	147.4
轿车-轿车-前角碰撞	27.9	28.3	61.4	58.1
轿车-轿车-中部碰撞	25.2	23.9	41.3	34.4
SUV-轿车-斜角碰撞	54.0	194.0	417.7	3011.0
SUV-轿车-前角碰撞	40.6	38.0	134.7	108.6
SUV-轿车-中部碰撞	65.1	38.3	453.7	198.5

碰撞工况	近端乘员胸部肋骨最大压缩量 / mm			远端乘员胸部肋骨最大压缩量/ mm
碰撞工况	上肋骨	中肋骨	下肋骨	上肋骨	中肋骨	下肋骨
阈值	高性能限值28；低性能限值50
轿车-轿车-斜角碰撞	2.7	3.7	7.0	4.8	6.0	1.5
轿车-轿车-前角碰撞	8.1	4.3	7.5	14.4	1.3	1.5
轿车-轿车-中部碰撞	12.7	14.5	19.6	11.8	1.6	3.0
SUV-轿车-斜角碰撞	2.8	3.5	6.9	5.6	1.9	6.0
SUV-轿车-前角碰撞	17.0	9.4	9.3	6.2	1.4	1.4
SUV-轿车-中部碰撞	54.8	51.4	57.5	14.2	4.9	3.9

碰撞工况	近端乘员胸部肋骨最大压缩量 / mm			远端乘员胸部肋骨最大压缩量/ mm
碰撞工况	上肋骨	中肋骨	下肋骨	上肋骨	中肋骨	下肋骨
阈值	高性能限值28；低性能限值50
轿车-轿车-斜角碰撞	2.7	3.7	7.0	4.8	6.0	1.5
轿车-轿车-前角碰撞	8.1	4.3	7.5	14.4	1.3	1.5
轿车-轿车-中部碰撞	12.7	14.5	19.6	11.8	1.6	3.0
SUV-轿车-斜角碰撞	2.8	3.5	6.9	5.6	1.9	6.0
SUV-轿车-前角碰撞	17.0	9.4	9.3	6.2	1.4	1.4
SUV-轿车-中部碰撞	54.8	51.4	57.5	14.2	4.9	3.9

碰撞工况	近端乘员腹部肋骨最大压缩量/ mm		远端乘员腹部肋骨最大压缩量/ mm
碰撞工况	上肋骨	下肋骨	上肋骨	下肋骨
阈值	高性能限值47；低性能限值65
轿车-轿车-斜角碰撞	10.5	10.6	2.9	2.4
轿车-轿车-前角碰撞	10.9	10.4	3.4	2.9
轿车-轿车-中部碰撞	20.8	24.7	6.1	5.1
SUV-轿车-斜角碰撞	9.8	10.0	2.6	2.3
SUV-轿车-前角碰撞	12.4	10.8	3.1	3.0
SUV-轿车-中部碰撞	67.7	88.7	10.3	20.9