Optimized design of wind-liquid double cycle for lithium-ion battery system in energy storage power station

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.04.007

Abstract

Abstract:

A thermal management system with dual air-liquid circulation was proposed based on the temperature homogeneity control and the dynamic temperature difference regulation to enhance the temperature uniformity in lithium-ion battery systems for energy storage power stations. The system utilized air cooling under low-to-medium temperature conditions to combined air-liquid cooling in high-temperature environments. Simulation experiments investigated 4 control parameters including the air volume, the air temperature, the coolant temperature, and the coolant flow rate. The heat exchange structure was optimized through 1D-3D co-simulations to analyzing the significance of temperature rise and the uniformity of performance parameters. The results show that under twice the rated high-power discharge, the proposed system reduces the end-of-discharge temperature difference by 18% compared to the conventional bottom cold plate structures. A 300 s air supply cycle achieves a 31% reduction in the temperature difference (of 1.18 °C) versus a 100 s cycle. Parameter sensitivity decreases in the order as the air temperature, the air volume, the coolant temperature, and the coolant flow rate. Therefore, the dual air-liquid circulation design enhances dynamic temperature difference control with extending the service life of energy storage battery systems.

Key words: energy storage power stations, lithium-ion battery systems, battery thermal management, one-dimensional/three-dimensional joint simulation, temperature uniformity

CLC Number:

TM910.2

LIU Jinyi, WANG Yan, PANG Yingjie, YU Ruiguang, MOU Ruitao, LU Languang, LI Yalun, WANG Hewu, ZHANG Lilei, LI Mingming. Optimized design of wind-liquid double cycle for lithium-ion battery system in energy storage power station[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2025, 16(4): 568-576.

Figures/Tables 17

References 22

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类型	LiFePO₄
额定容量	280 Ah
额定电压	3.2 V
高度	207.1 1mm
宽度	174.7 mm
厚度	71.65 mm
额定能量	896 Wh
能量密度	160 Wh/kg
充电截止电压	3.65 V
放电截止电压	2.5 V
电芯密度	2 kg/dm³
电芯比热容	1 kJ/(kg·K)

类型	LiFePO₄
额定容量	280 Ah
额定电压	3.2 V
高度	207.1 1mm
宽度	174.7 mm
厚度	71.65 mm
额定能量	896 Wh
能量密度	160 Wh/kg
充电截止电压	3.65 V
放电截止电压	2.5 V
电芯密度	2 kg/dm³
电芯比热容	1 kJ/(kg·K)

高度方向导热系数	24 W/(m·K)
宽度方向导热系数	14 W/(m·K)
厚度方向导热系数	4 W/(m·K)
外壳密度	2.66 kg/dm³
冷却液密度	1.071 kg/dm³
导热胶密度	2.0 kg/dm³
外壳比热容	1.758 kJ/(kg·K)
冷却液比热容	3.300 kJ/(kg·K)
导热胶比热容	0.350 kJ/(kg·K)
外壳导热系数	162 W/(m·K)
冷却液导热系数	0.38 W/(m·K)
导热胶导热系数	0.15 W/(m·K)

高度方向导热系数	24 W/(m·K)
宽度方向导热系数	14 W/(m·K)
厚度方向导热系数	4 W/(m·K)
外壳密度	2.66 kg/dm³
冷却液密度	1.071 kg/dm³
导热胶密度	2.0 kg/dm³
外壳比热容	1.758 kJ/(kg·K)
冷却液比热容	3.300 kJ/(kg·K)
导热胶比热容	0.350 kJ/(kg·K)
外壳导热系数	162 W/(m·K)
冷却液导热系数	0.38 W/(m·K)
导热胶导热系数	0.15 W/(m·K)

送风模式	Δθ / ℃	C_θ
A	2.8	1.13
B	2.2	0.58
C	2.5	0.82
D	2.3	0.47