High-rigidity lightweight design of pure electric highway bus body structure

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

A multi-objective structural design was optimized for a pure electric coach body frame to enhance the stiffness and reduce the mass. A finite element model of the body frame was established, with the specific pure electric coach as the research subject, to determine weight coefficients for static and dynamic working conditions. The modified frame structure underwent variable grouping and multi-condition multi-objective dimensional optimization. Static analysis and modal analysis were subsequently conducted. The results show that the optimized body frame achieve a minimum 4% enhancement in comprehensive average stiffness with a 7% improvement in average dynamic frequency of the first four orders, and with a 1% mass reduction. Therefore, it makes vehicle frame performance being effectively upgraded while maintaining original mass or achieving controlled lightweight effects.

Key words: pure electric highway passenger buses, body frames, size optimization, lightweight design, multi-objective optimization, multi-size optimization

CLC Number:

U463.82+2

ZHANG Xiao, HE Feng, LIU Dingyi, GONG Chengping. High-rigidity lightweight design of pure electric highway bus body structure[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2025, 16(3): 434-442.

Figures/Tables 12

References 17

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重要性描述	取值	重要性描述	取值
a_i和b_j一样重要	1	a_i比b_j略微不重要	1/3
a_i比b_j略微重要	3	a_i比b_j不重要得多	1/5
a_i比b_j重要得多	5	a_i比b_j不重要很多	1/7
a_i比b_j重要很多	7	a_i比b_j绝对不重要	1/9
a_i比b_j绝对重要	9

重要性描述	取值	重要性描述	取值
a_i和b_j一样重要	1	a_i比b_j略微不重要	1/3
a_i比b_j略微重要	3	a_i比b_j不重要得多	1/5
a_i比b_j重要得多	5	a_i比b_j不重要很多	1/7
a_i比b_j重要很多	7	a_i比b_j绝对不重要	1/9
a_i比b_j绝对重要	9

n + m	RI	n + m	RI
1	0.00	6	1.24
2	0.00	7	1.32
3	0.58	8	1.41
4	0.90	9	1.45
5	1.12

n + m	RI	n + m	RI
1	0.00	6	1.24
2	0.00	7	1.32
3	0.58	8	1.41
4	0.90	9	1.45
5	1.12

总工况	子工况	ω_i	g_i
静态工况	弯曲柔度	0.32	0.60
	扭转柔度	0.32	0.60
	转弯柔度	0.18	0.60
	制动柔度	0.18	0.60
动态工况	1阶频率	0.45	0.40
	2阶频率	0.27	0.40
	3阶频率	0.17	0.40
	4阶频率	0.11	0.40