Research and prospect of intelligent and connected vehicles standard system and key standards

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.06.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the National Vehicle Networking Industry Standard System Construction Guide (Intelligent Connected Vehicle) (2023 Edition), and following a thorough analysis of the intelligent connected vehicle standards system, this paper proposes a development pathway for standards in the intelligent networking domain and directions for coordinating international standard regulations, with a focus on automotive intelligence, network connectivity, automotive electronics, and comprehensive safety. Through an in-depth study of the technical system of driving automation, representative products, and application scenarios, a systematic framework and standardization route for advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving systems (ADS) have been established. By analyzing the technological and application scenarios of vehicular network communications, a standard system for network functions and applications, along with a standardization route, has been proposed. The current research status of automotive electromagnetic compatibility, electronic environmental and reliability assessment, automotive chips, and automotive electronics subfields has been reviewed, leading to the proposal of a standardization route for automotive electronics. Considering comprehensive safety, a four-dimensional safety concept for intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs) has been introduced, encompassing functional safety, anticipated functional safety, cybersecurity, and data security. The key components of each safety standard system have been discussed, and the standardization routes for these safety standards have been outlined. Finally, the paper explores the development of international standards and regulations for ICVs and the collaborative relationship between Chinese standards and international standards and regulations. In alignment with the developmental requirements of China’s intelligent connected vehicle (ICV) technology and standards, as well as the harmonization trends in international standards and regulations, this paper offers strategic insights and recommendations for the establishment of China’s ICV standard system and the development of key standards.

Key words: intelligent and connected vehicles, standard system, automotive electronics, integrated security, international coordination

CLC Number:

TM912

SUN Hang, ZHANG Lu, JI Guotian. Research and prospect of intelligent and connected vehicles standard system and key standards[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(6): 795-812.

Figures/Tables 15

References 49

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系统等级	系统名称	系统能力
0级	应急辅助	系统不能持续执行动态驾驶任务中的车辆横向或纵向运动控制，但具备持续执行动态驾驶任务中的部分目标和事件探测与响应的能力
1级	部分驾驶辅助	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行动态驾驶任务中的车辆横向或纵向运动控制，且具备与所执行的车辆横向或纵向运动控制相适应的部分目标和事件探测与响应的能力
2级	组合驾驶辅助	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行动态驾驶任务中的车辆横向和纵向运动控制，且具备与所执行的车辆横向和纵向运动控制相适应的部分目标和事件探测与响应的能力
3级	有条件自动驾驶	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行全部动态驾驶任务
4级	高度自动驾驶	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行全部动态驾驶任务并自动执行最小风险策略
5级	完全自动驾驶	系统在任何可行驶条件下持续地执行全部动态驾驶任务并自动执行最小风险策略

系统等级	系统名称	系统能力
0级	应急辅助	系统不能持续执行动态驾驶任务中的车辆横向或纵向运动控制，但具备持续执行动态驾驶任务中的部分目标和事件探测与响应的能力
1级	部分驾驶辅助	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行动态驾驶任务中的车辆横向或纵向运动控制，且具备与所执行的车辆横向或纵向运动控制相适应的部分目标和事件探测与响应的能力
2级	组合驾驶辅助	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行动态驾驶任务中的车辆横向和纵向运动控制，且具备与所执行的车辆横向和纵向运动控制相适应的部分目标和事件探测与响应的能力
3级	有条件自动驾驶	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行全部动态驾驶任务
4级	高度自动驾驶	系统在其设计运行条件下持续地执行全部动态驾驶任务并自动执行最小风险策略
5级	完全自动驾驶	系统在任何可行驶条件下持续地执行全部动态驾驶任务并自动执行最小风险策略

序号	分类	名称
1	信息辅助	全景影像监测系统
2		夜视系统
3		盲区监测系统
4		车门开启预警系统
5		后方交通穿行提示系统
6		驾驶员注意力监测系统
7		商用车辆行人和自行车移动监测系统
8		倒车辅助系统
9	控制辅助	自动紧急制动系统
10		车道保持辅助系统
11		智能限速系统
12		智能泊车辅助系统
13		组合驾驶辅助系统
14		紧急转向辅助系统
15		自适应巡航控制系统
16		加速踏板防误踩系统

序号	分类	名称
1	信息辅助	全景影像监测系统
2		夜视系统
3		盲区监测系统
4		车门开启预警系统
5		后方交通穿行提示系统
6		驾驶员注意力监测系统
7		商用车辆行人和自行车移动监测系统
8		倒车辅助系统
9	控制辅助	自动紧急制动系统
10		车道保持辅助系统
11		智能限速系统
12		智能泊车辅助系统
13		组合驾驶辅助系统
14		紧急转向辅助系统
15		自适应巡航控制系统
16		加速踏板防误踩系统

标准项目及分类		标准类型	状态
基础(100)
术语和定义(110)
110-1	道路车辆先进驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)术语及定义	GB/T	发布
符号和编码(120)
120-1	智能网联汽车操纵件、指示器及信号装置的标志	GB/T	发布
评价方法及工具(130)
130-1	智能网联汽车驾驶自动化系统主观评价指南	GB/T	预研中
130-2	道路车辆智能网联汽车感知功能评价测试设备第1部分：后端乘用车目标要求	GB/T	制定中
130-3	道路车辆智能网联汽车感知功能评价测试设备第2部分：行人目标要求	GB/T	制定中
130-4	道路车辆智能网联汽车感知功能评价测试设备第3部分：3D乘用车目标要求	GB/T	制定中
130-5	道路车辆智能网联汽车感知功能评价测试设备第4部分：骑自行车的人目标要求	GB/T	制定中
产品与技术应用(200)
信息辅助(210)
210-1	汽车全景影像监测系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
210-2	乘用车夜视系统性能要求与试验方法	GB/T	发布
210-3	道路车辆盲区监测(BSD)系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
210-4	乘用车车门开启预警系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
210-5	乘用车后方交通穿行提示系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
210-6	驾驶员注意力监测系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
210-7	汽车倒车辅助系统技术规范	GB/T	制定中
210-8	商用车弱势道路交通参与者移动监测系统技术要求及试验方法	GB/T	制定中
控制辅助(220)
220-1	乘用车自动紧急制动系统(AEBS)性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
220-2	商用车辆自动紧急制动系统(AEBS)性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
220-3	乘用车车道保持辅助系统(LKA)性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
220-4	商用车辆车道保持辅助系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
220-5	汽车智能限速系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
220-6	智能泊车辅助系统性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	发布
220-7	智能网联汽车组合驾驶辅助系统技术要求及试验方法第1部分：单车道行驶控制	GB/T	发布
220-8	智能网联汽车组合驾驶辅助系统技术要求及试验方法第2部分：多车道行驶控制	GB/T	发布
220-9	智能网联汽车部分驾驶辅助系统纵向行驶控制性能要求及试验方法	GB/T	制定中
220-10	智能网联汽车组合驾驶辅助系统技术要求及试验方法	GB/T	制定中
220-11	乘用车紧急转向辅助系统技术规范	GB/T	制定中
220-12	商用车辆紧急转向辅助系统技术规范	GB/T	制定中