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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (3): 250-256.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2013.03.009

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

安全气囊展开的三种数值模拟方法的对比

车凯凯1，王美松2   

  1. 1. 上海交通大学 机械与动力工程学院，上海 200240，中国； 2. 深圳比亚迪汽车有限公司，深圳 518118，中国
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-20 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2013-06-27
  • 作者简介:车凯凯(1987—)，男( 汉)，山东，硕士研究生。

Comparison on three methods for simulating safety airbag deployment

CHE Kaikai1, WANG Meisong2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; 2. BYD AUTO, Shenzhen 518118,China
  • Received:2013-06-20 Online:2013-09-25 Published:2013-06-27

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摘要： 在安全气囊实际开发中，利用仿真技术可降试验成本，缩短开发周期。针对控制体积法（CV）、
任意Lagrange-Euler 法（ALE）和粒子法（CPM）3 种模拟方法，该文对比了各自的适用范围和优缺点，
给出了各方法的理论模型以及有限元建模方法；结合某车型驾驶员侧折叠气囊，仿真对比了各方法的
展开效果、温度、压力分布等主要参数。结果表明：CV 法更适用于在位情况下的气囊仿真分析；而
ALE 法和CPM 法可分析离位情况下气囊流场分布，且在气囊展开初期可考虑到气流效应对乘员的影响。
该研究结果可为对气囊仿真方法的选择及气囊设计提供参考。

关键词: 汽车工程, 被动安全, 安全气囊展开, 仿真模拟, 控制体积法（CV）, 任意Lagrange-Euler法（ALE）和粒子法（CPM）

Abstract: Numerical simulation technology is an important tool to reduce cost and time for safety airbag
development. Three prevalent principal methods, i.e. the Control Volume Method (CV), the Arbitrary Lagrangian
Eulerian Method (ALE), and the Corpuscular Method (CPM), were compared for the application and the
characteristics of airbag. The deployment process, the temperatures, and the pressures were simulated using
mathematic theories and finite element model for a developing vehicle with a folded driver side airbag. The
simulation results of these methods show that the CV method is more suitable for airbag simulation under in
position (IP) condition, while the ALE method and the CPM method are perfect for analyzing the flow field and
its effects on passengers of airbag deployment under out of position (OOP) condition when taking into account
flow effect at the initial stages of airbag deployment. These results will provide references for the selection
simulation method and actual design for airbag deployment.

Key words: automobile engineering, passive safety, safety airbag deployment, numerical simulation method, control volume method (CV), arbitrary Lagrange-Eulermethod (ALE), corpuscular method (CPM)

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