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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (3): 257-265.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2013.03.010

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

依照校车被动安全性的新标准的仿真及试验

张杨，赵幼平，谢庆喜，刘道勇   

  1. 东风汽车有限公司，东风商用车技术中心，武汉 430056，中国
  • 收稿日期:2013-07-10 出版日期:2013-09-25 发布日期:2013-06-27

Simulations and tests according to the new regulations of school buspassive safety

ZHANG Yang, ZHAO Youping, XIE Qingxi, LIU Daoyong   

  1. Dongfeng Motor Company Ld., Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Technical Center, 430056 Wuhan, China
  • Received:2013-07-10 Online:2013-09-25 Published:2013-06-27

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摘要： 校车的生产及其安全问题受到社会的广泛关注。依照中国2012 年颁布的新校车被动安全性
标准，作者所在单位，自主研制了长头校车。为研究其正面碰撞、侧面碰撞和后部碰撞工况下的整车
结构安全性能，包括车体结构的碰撞力、变形，及假人各部分的加速度、负荷等参数，进行了校车
法规中规定的顶压、侧翻类碰撞的仿真与试验。在仿真分析基础上，对关键承载结构，如座椅结构
及相关固定件、车架前端吸能区的部件，改进了设计方案。结果表明：仿真结果与试验结果相一致，
证明了该仿真结果是可信的；改进后的该校车结构，具有较高的防撞性能，减少了事故对乘员的伤害，
因此，能满足被动安全性法规要求。

关键词: 校车, 校车标准, 被动安全性, 防撞性能, 仿真与试验

Abstract: The production of school buses and its safety problems have been wide spread concerned by
public. A new style long-nose school bus was produced by the authors' company according to the new passive
safety regulations for school buses promulgated in China in 2012. Simulations and tests were done for the roof
strength, rollover under the guide of school bus regulations items to evaluate safety performances, such as the
collision forces and the deformations of vehicle structure, and the accelerations and the loads in some parts
of dummies under boundary condition offrontal impact, side impact and rear crash.Based on the simulation
analysis, the design scheme was improved for some crucial load bearing structures, such as seat system,
and energy-absorbing crush zone.The results show that the consistent of simulation with the experimental
results evidences the credibility of simulation analysis; and that the improved school-bus-structure has higher
crashworthiness than before. Therefore, itminimizes the damage to passengers in road accidents, and then,
satisfies passive safety regulation demands.

Key words: school bus, regulations for school

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