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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 321-328.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.03.004

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于时空结合的道路交通事故的黑点判别方法

陈春1(), 王晨宇2(), 张道文3,4,5,*()   

  1. 1.重庆交通大学 生态人居与绿色交通研究中心，重庆400074，中国
    2.重庆交通大学 交通运输学院，重庆400074，中国
    3.西华大学 汽车与交通学院，成都610039，中国
    4.汽车测控与安全四川省重点实验室，成都610039，中国
    5.四川省新能源汽车智能控制与仿真测试技术工程研究中心，成都610039，中国
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-27 修回日期:2024-01-22 出版日期:2024-06-30 发布日期:2024-07-01
  • 通讯作者: *张道文，教授。E-mail：0119910025@mail.xhu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:陈春（1979—），女（汉），重庆，教授。 E-mail：chenchun@pku.edu.cn。
    王晨宇（2000—），男（汉），四川，硕士研究生。E-mail：3255576862@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(42071218)

Black spot discrimination method for road traffic accidents based on spatiotemporal combination

CHEN Chun1(), WANG Chenyu2(), ZHANG Daowen3,4,5,*()   

  1. 1. Center for Eco-habitat and Green Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
    2. School of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
    3. School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua University, Chengdu Sichuan 610039, China
    4. Vehicle Measurement Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Sichuan 610039, China
    5. Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Energy Vehicle Intelligent Control and Simulation Test Technology of Sichuan, Chengdu Sichuan 610039, China
  • Received:2023-10-27 Revised:2024-01-22 Online:2024-06-30 Published:2024-07-01

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摘要：

为精准识别道路交通事故黑点，辅助交通事故的防控，提出了一种基于时空结合的交通事故黑点判别方法。以时空重叠率，来衡量道路危险程度；用双曲正切函数拟合时空重叠率的累积频率；将拟合函数最小曲率半径对应的点，规定为临界值；以大于临界值的时空复合点，来判别为事故黑点；对成南（成都—南充）高速第二辖区交警大队收集的交通事故数据，进行实例研究。利用本时空结合的判别方法，从64例有效案例中，共判别出13个事故黑点。结果表明：事故频率法、累积频率曲线法、核密度分析法、时空重叠率法的碰撞预测准确率指标（CPAI）值分别为2.29、2.03、2.03、2.29，这意味着：时空重叠率法具有良好的判别准确性。时空重叠率法同时结合空间和时间维度，增加了黑点判别的可靠性。

关键词: 道路交通事故, 交通安全, 事故黑点, 黑点判别方法, 时空重叠率

Abstract:

A black spot discrimination method for road-traffic accidents was proposed based on spatiotemporal combination to improve the identification accuracy, and to assist the prevention and control of traffic accidents. The spatiotemporal overlap rate was used to measure the road danger degree; the cumulative frequency of the spatiotemporal overlap rate was fitted by using the hyperbolic tangent function; and the point corresponding to the fitted-function curvature minimum-radius was stipulated as the critical value; and the spatiotemporal composite points, which were larger than the critical value, were discriminated as the accident black spots; The traffic accident data collected by the Traffic Police Brigade of the Second Jurisdiction of the Chengnan (Chengdu-Nanchong) Expressway were utilized to conduct an example study. A total of 13 accident black spots was discriminated from 64 effective cases by utilizing the time-space composite method. The results show that the Crash Prediction Accuracy Index (CPAI) values are 2.29, 2.03, 2.03, 2.29, respectively for the accident frequency method, for the cumulative frequency curve method, the kernel density analysis method, and the spatiotemporal overlap rate method. It means that the spatiotemporal overlap rate method has good discriminatory accuracy. The spatiotemporal overlap rate method, which combines both spatial and temporal dimensions, increases the reliability of black spot discrimination.

Key words: road traffic accidents, traffic safety, accident black spots, black spot discrimination method, spatio-temporal overlap rate

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