用不同算法时载荷条件对重型车比排放影响的对比试验

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.02.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了定量评价重型车单位行驶里程排放、单位发动机做功排放水平随载荷比例的变化情况,对于6辆国Ⅵ标准车辆和2辆国Ⅴ标准车辆,使用车载排放分析系统,进行了不同载荷比例的实际道路工况排放试验。结果表明：国Ⅵ车辆单位行驶里程颗粒物数量(PN)排放载荷修正系数随着载荷比例的增大而显著增加,拟合曲线斜率为0.011 9,而国Ⅴ车辆的斜率为0.001 2,远低于国Ⅵ车辆。随着载荷比例的增大,国Ⅵ重型车单位发动机做功的PN和NO_x排放增加,CO₂排放不变,CO排放降低; 行驶相同的里程时,载荷比例越大的国Ⅵ重型车,单位质量整车的PN排放水平越高,CO、CO₂和NO_x排放水平越低。在高载荷比例条件时,国Ⅵ车辆在最初的市区阶段和最后的高速阶段出现了很高的PN峰值。

关键词: 重型车, 排放水平, 颗粒物数量(PN), 载荷比例, 载荷修正系数

Abstract:

The on-board emission analysis system was used to carry out the actual road emission tests with different load ratios to quantitatively evaluate the variation of emission per unit mileage and emission per unit engine work with load ratio of heavy-duty vehicles, using 6 vehicles of stage VI of the National Standard and 2 vehicles of stage V of the National Standard. The results show that the load correction coefficient of particulate number (PN) emission per unit mileage of stage VI vehicles increases significantly with the increase of load ratio, and the slope of the fitted curve is 0.011 9, while the slope of stage 5 vehicle is 0.001 2, which is much lower than that of stage VI vehicle. With the increase of the load ratio, the PN and NO_x emissions per unit engine work increase, CO₂ emissions remain unchanged, and CO emissions decrease. When driving the same mileage, the larger the load ratio, the higher the PN emission level per unit vehicle mass, and the lower the emission levels of CO, CO₂ and NO_x. Under the condition of high load ratio, the National VI vehicles show high PN peaks in the initial urban stage and the final high-speed stage.

Key words: heavy-duty vehicle, emissions, particulate number (PN), load ratio, load correction factor

中图分类号:

TK46+4

张凡, 李梁, 于津涛. 用不同算法时载荷条件对重型车比排放影响的对比试验[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(2): 397-405.

ZHANG Fan, LI Liang, YU Jintao. Comparative test of influence of load conditions on specific emissions of heavy-duty vehicles with different calculation methods[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2022, 13(2): 397-405.

图/表 19

车辆编号	车辆类型	整备质量 / t	满载质量 / t	发动机排量 / L	后处理形式
国VI-1#	重型货车	12.500	25.000	11.60	DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC
国VI-2#	轻型货车	2.805	4.495	2.78	DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC
国VI-3#	重型货车	9.000	24.500	4.58	DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC
国VI-4#	重型货车	12.500	25.000	11.60	DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC
国VI-5#	重型货车	8.330	49.000	11.60	DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC
国VI-6#	轻型货车	2.805	4.495	2.78	DOC+DPF+SCR+ASC
国V-1#	重型货车	13.600	31.000	8.71	SCR
国V-2#	中型货车	4.270	8.210	2.89	SCR

表1 试验车辆关键参数

图1 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程的CO排放

图2 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程CO排放的载荷修正系数

图3 不同排放标准重型车单位发动机做功CO排放的载荷修正系数

图4 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程`·车辆质量CO排放的载荷修正系数

图5 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程的CO2排放

图6 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程CO2排放的载荷修正系数

图7 不同排放标准重型车单位发动机做功CO2排放的载荷修正系数

图8 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程•车辆质量CO2排放的载荷修正系数

图9 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程的NOx排放

图10 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程NOx排放的载荷修正系数

图11 不同排放标准重型车单位发动机做功NOx排放的载荷修正系数

图12 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程·车辆质量NOx排放的载荷修正系数

图13 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程的PN排放

图14 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程PN排放的载荷修正系数

图15 不同排放标准重型车单位发动机做功PN排放的载荷修正系数

图16 不同排放标准重型车单位行驶里程·车辆质量PN排放的载荷修正系数

图17 国Ⅴ重型车不同载荷比例条件下的瞬态排放对比

图18 国Ⅵ重型车不同载荷比例条件下的瞬态排放对比

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