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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (01): 58-65.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2015.01.007

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

全承载式客车正面碰撞安全性的改进

曹立波，周登科，朱 结，江 岸   

  1. 湖南大学 汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室，长沙 410082，中国
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-30 出版日期:2015-03-25 发布日期:2015-04-02
  • 基金资助:

    国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划资助项目 (2012AA111802)

Improvement of a monocoque-body for coach frontal impact#br# safety

CAO Libo, ZHOU Dengke, ZHU Jie, JIANG An   

  1. (State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha
    410082, China
  • Received:2014-10-30 Online:2015-03-25 Published:2015-04-02

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摘要：

研究了国内某量产全承载式客车的正面碰撞安全性，并改进其设计。采用有限元方法和多体
动力学方法，建立了该客车的仿真模型、驾驶员约束系统仿真模型，进行了50 km/h 正面碰撞仿真研
究。客车的结构改进包括：在客车前端增加了吸能结构；为驾驶员约束系统匹配了安全带以及安全气囊。
对改进后的模型进行了50 km/h 正面碰撞仿真，计算了假人头部损伤值、胸部压缩量、大腿部伤害值。
结果表明：改进后该客车50 km/h 正面碰撞安全性有了较大提高，驾驶员损伤参数值均在乘用车正面
碰撞乘员保护法规(GB11551-2003) 参考值范围内。因此，将50 km/h 作为客车正面碰撞试验速度在
理论上具有可行性。

关键词: 汽车安全, 全承载式客车, 正面碰撞, 结构改进

Abstract:

Frontal impact safety was investigated for a monocoque-body coach mass-produced in China to
improve its structural design. Two simulation models were established for the coach and its driver restraint
system by using a finite element method and a multi-body method to simulate a 50 km/h frontal impact
experiment. Some structural modifications contained an energy absorbing structure designed in front, a safety
belt and a frontal airbag which were matched for the driver restraint system. The 50 km/h frontal impact for
the improved coach was simulated to calculate the head injury, the chest deflection and the thigh injury. The
results show that the improved coach’s safety is improved significantly for the 50 km/h frontal impact; and the
driver injury values are all within the arrange of IARVs (Injury Assessment Reference Value) in a frontal collision
event to passenger car while according to a Chinese Regulation (GB11551-2003) of the occupant protection.
Therefore, selecting 50 km/h as the coach frontal impact speed is feasible in theory.

Key words: automotive safety, monocoque-body coach, frontal impact, Structure improved