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汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2018, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4): 410-417.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2018.04.007

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于竹节结构的保险杠横梁仿生优化及仿真分析

林云成1，宋家锋2，刘升福2，邹 猛*2   

  1. （1. 北京空间飞行器总体设计部，100094 北京，中国；2. 工程仿生教育部重点实验室，吉林大学，130022 长春，中国）
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-02 出版日期:2018-12-31 发布日期:2019-01-02
  • 通讯作者: 邹猛（1978—），男（汉），吉林，教授。E-mail: zoumeng@jlu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:第一作者 / First author ： 林云成（1987—），男（汉），吉林，工程师。E-mail: gentlycloud@126.com。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目（51305159，51775233）。

Bionic design optimization and simulation analysis of bumper beam inspired by the structure of Bamboo Node

LIN Yuncheng 1, SONG Jiafeng 2, LIU Shengfu 2, ZOU Meng*2   

  1. (1. China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China ；2. Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering of Education Ministry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China)
  • Received:2018-11-02 Online:2018-12-31 Published:2019-01-02

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摘要：

        为提高汽车保险杠的耐撞性和轻量化，基于工程仿生学和冲击动力学原理，本文根据竹子茎秆以及竹节结构特征，设计了3 类共6 种仿生保险杠横梁结构。在准静态条件下进行了5 mm / min 压缩试验，试验与仿真中的载荷曲线基本吻合，峰值载荷误差仅为3.9%，验证了仿真分析的有效性；采用Hypermesh 和LS-DYNA 有限元软件对6 种仿生保险杠横梁进行了正面100% 碰撞仿真分析。结果表明：仿生1 型( 带有仿生筋板) 横梁的比吸能(SEA) 最高，较原横梁结构提高了13.85%，同时较原横梁的质量少23.82%。仿生筋板和仿生变间距是其中较好的仿生设计方法，其相应的横梁较普通横梁峰值载荷低，比吸能高，质量也较普通横梁低，且具有更好的变形模式。

关键词: 汽车安全, 被动安全, 保险杠, 仿生设计, 竹材, 吸能

Abstract:

Based on the principles of engineering bionics and impact dynamics, 3 bionic design methods, which included 6 kinds of bumper beam, were introduced for enhancing the bumper’s crashworthiness to improve the crashworthiness and lightweight of bumpers. 5 mm / min compression test was carried out under
quasi-static condition. The test and simulation load curve were basically consistent, and the peak force error was only 3.9%, which verified the effectiveness of simulation analysis; the 100% overlap front impact was simulated by the software of Hypermesh and LS-DYNA. The results show that the bionic bumper beam 1, which includes bionic ribs, has the higher specific energy absorption (SEA) than original bumper beam by 13.85%. And here is a mass reduction for bionic bumper beam by 23.82%. The better bionic design methods are bionic rib and bionic variable spacing among those bionic methods. The corresponding bumper beam has lower peak load, higher energy absorption and lower mass than normal bumper beam, which also has better deformation mode.

Key words: automotive safety, passive safety, bumper, bionic design, bamboo, energy absorption