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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (3): 212-216.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2011.03.005

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正面和偏置碰撞的耐撞性仿真与车身结构改进

简晓春，王笑   

  1. 重庆交通大学，机电学院，重庆 400074
  • 收稿日期:2011-06-30 出版日期:2011-09-27 发布日期:2011-10-13
  • 作者简介:第一作者/ First author： 简晓春（1959—），男（汉），四川，教授。E-mail: jianxchlibj@sina.com

Simulation of crashworthiness during front impact and offset impact and vehicle body structure improvement

JIAN Xiaochun, WANG Xiao   

  1. School of Mechatronical Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
  • Received:2011-06-30 Online:2011-09-27 Published:2011-10-13
  • About author:第一作者/ First author： 简晓春（1959—），男（汉），四川，教授。E-mail: jianxchlibj@sina.com

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摘要：  为改善轿车安全性, 用仿真方法研究了车辆正面和偏置碰撞的耐撞性，并改进车身结构。建立了针对轿车的有限元模型。基于“中国新车评价规程”（C-NCAP）实验方法，应用Hypermesh软件，对轿车在40%偏置碰撞和100%正面碰撞工况下的车辆耐撞性性能，包括：碰撞过程中零部件变形时序、车身加速度及车身侵入量等，进行了数值仿真并分析。改进了保险杠吸能盒、保险杠后端抗弯部件等关键吸能部件的结构；增加了乘员舱区域部件的强度。改进后的结果表明： 40%偏置碰撞时，最大车身侵入量减小了15.8%； 100%正面碰撞时，B柱的整体加速度减小。

关键词: 轿车安全, 正面碰撞, 偏置碰撞, 数值仿真, 耐撞性能, 车身结构, 保险杠吸能盒

Abstract: The crashworthiness during front impact and offset impact was numerically simulated with the vehicle body structure then improved to increase passenger-car safety. A Finite Element Method (FEM) was developed for passenger cars. The experimental methods of C-NCAP (China New Car Assessment Program) and software Hypermesh were used to simulate and analyze the crashworthiness performance, including the deformation sequence of components, the vehicle body acceleration, and the vehicle body invasion, during 40% offset impact and 100% front impact. The structures of some key energy-absorbing components were improved, such as the bumper absorbing box and bumper back-end, with the component strength being increased in the cabin part. The results after improvement show that the maximum intrusion decreases by 15.8% during the 40% offset impact, with the B pillar ensemble acceleration reduced during the 100% front impact.

Key words: passenger car safety, frontal impact, offset impact, numerical simulation, crashworthiness, vehicle body structure, bumper absorbing box

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