Analysis of collision patterns in truck-bicycle accidents on injuries and the kinematic of rider

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.06.005

Abstract

Abstract:

The relationship between collision patterns in truck-versus-electric-two-wheeler crashes, the kinematic responses of riders, and injury characteristics were investigated. 16 simulation experiments were constructed by using the multi-body modeling software MADYMO based on 263 scenario-related cases to analyze the collision angles and the positions. The results show that the head injury metrics (the head injury criterions (HIC) and the head angular accelerations) sharply increase when the collision angles exceeds 110°, with the peaking at the collision angle of 120° (the HIC of 11 931, the head angular acceleration of 73.9 krad/s²). When the collision position is in the central area of the truck, the cyclist’s HIC (1 231~1 461) and the head angular acceleration (22.6~26.9 krad/s²) fall within lower ranges, that means lower risk of head injury. When the collision occurs on either side of the truck, the cyclist’s chest 3-ms acceleration is 25.8g~121.8g, that means a lower risk of chest injury. Therefore, both the collision angle and the collision position have a significant impact on the cyclist’s kinematic response.

Key words: collision accidents, two-wheeled vehicles, trucks, rider injuries, statistical analysis, kinematic response

CLC Number:

U461.91

ZHENG Wenxiang, WANG Bingyu, YANG Yao, GONG You, QIN Liyan. Analysis of collision patterns in truck-bicycle accidents on injuries and the kinematic of rider[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2025, 16(6): 859-866.

Figures/Tables 13

References 22

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场景	方法
机动车直线行驶且摄像机位置固定。	逐帧法计算速度。
机动车转向、摄像机位置固定且视频画面中有可知距离的固定参考点(如人行横道线、地面交通标识等)。	通过DLT计算速度。
碰撞场景有对应的经验公式且其他方法失效。	引文[12]中对应场景经验公式计算速度。

场景	方法
机动车直线行驶且摄像机位置固定。	逐帧法计算速度。
机动车转向、摄像机位置固定且视频画面中有可知距离的固定参考点(如人行横道线、地面交通标识等)。	通过DLT计算速度。
碰撞场景有对应的经验公式且其他方法失效。	引文[12]中对应场景经验公式计算速度。

货车
长×宽×高	8.52 m×2.55 m×3.46 m
保险杠离地高度	0.60 m
整备质量	12.50 t
碰撞时总重	12.57 t
重心高度	1.50 m
电动两轮车
长×宽×高	1.725 m×0.07 m×1.090 m
轴距	1.25 m
碰撞时总质量	150 kg
车把离地高度	0.91 m
座位离地高度	0.77 m
摩擦因数
货车与电动两轮车	0.30~0.50
货车与骑车人	0.30~0.50
电动两轮车与骑车人	0.40~0.50
骑车人与地面	0.50~0.70
电动两轮车与地面	0.55~0.70

货车
长×宽×高	8.52 m×2.55 m×3.46 m
保险杠离地高度	0.60 m
整备质量	12.50 t
碰撞时总重	12.57 t
重心高度	1.50 m
电动两轮车
长×宽×高	1.725 m×0.07 m×1.090 m
轴距	1.25 m
碰撞时总质量	150 kg
车把离地高度	0.91 m
座位离地高度	0.77 m
摩擦因数
货车与电动两轮车	0.30~0.50
货车与骑车人	0.30~0.50
电动两轮车与骑车人	0.40~0.50
骑车人与地面	0.50~0.70
电动两轮车与地面	0.55~0.70

损伤部位	损伤标准	阈值	文献
头部	HIC₁₅	700	[19]
头部	头部角加速度，ω_head	10 krad/s	[20]
胸部	胸部3 ms加速度，a_ch,3-ms	60g	[21]