Thermal failure behaviors and the heat efflux characteristics of Li-ion batteries triggered by thermal radiation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.01.009

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper experimentally investigated the temperature characteristics, the mass loss, the change characteristics of heat production behaviors, the spatial efflux temperature and heat flow distribution characteristics for non-contact trigger power lithium-ion batteries of radiant heater during thermal failure. Batteries of 50 Ah Li(Ni_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2)O₂ were taken as the research object to carry out relevant tests based on a lithium-ion battery combustion experiment platform. The results show that 2 eruptions occurred during the battery thermal runaway experiment; The battery surface maximum temperature is 489.2 °C; the highest average temperature rise rate is 27.7 K·s^-1; the maximum mass loss rate is 32.7 g·s^-1; the battery body total heat release is 1.05 MJ; the highest ambient temperature is 705.3 °C, the flue gas total heat release is 6.56 MJ·m^-2, and the maximum ambient temperature of efflux space is higher than the maximum temperature of battery surface. These mean that the flammable gas with high temperature and high-speed aggravate the risk of thermal runaway. These results have significances for the early warning of battery failure, the thermal runaway suppression, and the fire risk control.

Key words: new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, thermal runaway, heat radiation, heat efflux characteristics

CLC Number:

TM912

LI Han, WANG Yan, ZHANG Xilong, WANG Hewu, LI Yalun, LU Languang. Thermal failure behaviors and the heat efflux characteristics of Li-ion batteries triggered by thermal radiation[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(1): 83-91.

Figures/Tables 10

References 22

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尺寸	148 mm×96 mm×27.4 mm
初始质量	909.84 g
额定电压	3.65 V
工作电压	2.75~4.25 V

尺寸	148 mm×96 mm×27.4 mm
初始质量	909.84 g
额定电压	3.65 V
工作电压	2.75~4.25 V

实验组别	θ₁ / ℃	θ₂ / ℃	Δt_1-2 / s	HRR / (kW · m^-2)
实验组别	θ₁ / ℃	θ₂ / ℃	Δt_1-2 / s	第1次	第2次
1	189.4	489.2	184	122.8	89.2
2	171.3	453.2	196	111.3	83.2
误差 / %	9.5	7.9	6.5	9.3	7.2

实验组别	θ₁ / ℃	θ₂ / ℃	Δt_1-2 / s	HRR / (kW · m^-2)
实验组别	θ₁ / ℃	θ₂ / ℃	Δt_1-2 / s	第1次	第2次
1	189.4	489.2	184	122.8	89.2
2	171.3	453.2	196	111.3	83.2
误差 / %	9.5	7.9	6.5	9.3	7.2