Performance optimization of bionic snowflake liquid-cooled channel heat sinks

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2025.01.011

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems such as the difficulty of meeting the heat dissipation requirements of automobile electronic devices during operation, a new bionic snowflake liquid-cooled channel heat sink for electronic devices of electric vehicles and autonomous driving systems was proposed. The key of the research was to optimize the structure of the radiator, the number and width of the branch channels. Firstly, the single factor optimization method was used to optimize the basic structure, including the number and location of exits, the number of branch channels, the decreasing branch channels and the addition of secondary liquid cooling channels. Then a one-factor analysis of the width of the branching channels was performed. Finally, taking the pressure drop and average temperature of the radiator as the objective function, the internal channel structure of the radiator is optimized with multiple objectives. The results show that the model after multi-objective optimization has a relatively good heat dissipation performance, with a pressure drop and average temperature of 262.81 Pa and 312.67 K, respectively, which is 8.15% lower than the initial structure's pressure drop and 1.95% lower than the average temperature.

Key words: liquid-cooled heat sink, electronics, multi-objective optimization, bionic snowflake

CLC Number:

U464.1388

TAO Jiahui, ZHANG Furen, SUN Shizheng, QIU Shuaishuai, WANG Feng, TAO Yuanbing, TAN Haikun, LI Longhui. Performance optimization of bionic snowflake liquid-cooled channel heat sinks[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2025, 16(1): 107-116.

Figures/Tables 23

References 30

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实验仪器	型号	精度
卡默尔智能蠕动泵	550	(±) 5%
数据采集仪	LD5200	(±) 0.2% FS
恒温恒湿箱	SPX-350B	(±) 0.5 ℃
温度传感器	PT100	(±) 0.15 ℃
玻璃转子流量计	LZB-4WB	(±) 2.5 ℃
数显恒温水浴锅	HH-4	(±) 0.5 ℃

实验仪器	型号	精度
卡默尔智能蠕动泵	550	(±) 5%
数据采集仪	LD5200	(±) 0.2% FS
恒温恒湿箱	SPX-350B	(±) 0.5 ℃
温度传感器	PT100	(±) 0.15 ℃
玻璃转子流量计	LZB-4WB	(±) 2.5 ℃
数显恒温水浴锅	HH-4	(±) 0.5 ℃

流量/ (g·s^-1)	模拟温度/ K	实验温度/ K	相对误差/ %
1	302.25	302.94	0.23
2	298.92	299.13	0.07
3	297.61	298.07	0.15
4	296.81	297.53	0.24
5	296.30	297.29	0.33

流量/ (g·s^-1)	模拟温度/ K	实验温度/ K	相对误差/ %
1	302.25	302.94	0.23
2	298.92	299.13	0.07
3	297.61	298.07	0.15
4	296.81	297.53	0.24
5	296.30	297.29	0.33

范围	X1 / mm	X2 / mm	X3 / mm	X4 / mm
上限	1.5	1.1	0.7	0.6
初值	1.5	1.1	0.7	0.6
下限	1.1	0.7	0.6	0.4