Abstract: Some simulation tests and statistical analysis were carried out on 294 groups of vehicles that collided with motorcycles to investigate the differences in the kinematic responses of motorcyclist and rear-seat occupants in motorcycle accidents. Based on the PC-Crash software, 3 vehicle models (sedans, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), and minivans), 7 vehicle speeds, 2 motorcycles speeds and 7 kinds of collision forms with different angles and different directions were used as test variables. The results show that the throw distance, the head collision time, the relative head collision speed, and the head collision angle of motorcyclist and rear-seat occupants have significant differences for 84% of collision forms and for 75% of vehicle models, while the motorcyclist and rear-seat occupants have very significant difference for 12% collision forms. The average throw distance, the relative head collision speed, and the head collision angle of the motorcyclist are higher than those of the rear seat occupant for different collision speeds. And the average head collision time of the rear seat occupants is longer than that of the motorcyclist. The results can provide support for judging the relationship between motorcyclist and rear-seat occupants, and protecting the motorcyclist and rear-seat occupants from injuries.

Key words: automotive passive safety, collision accident, motorcyclists and backseat occupant, kinematic response, significant difference, PC-Crash software