Welcome to Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy,
汽车安全与节能学报

Journal Of Automotive Safety And Energy ›› 2017, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (03): 226-238.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2017.03.002

• Progress & Prospects • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Particulate Matter Emissions from Gasoline Direct Injection Engines: Research Review

FANG Tiegang 1, WANG Libing 1, WANG Zhi 2   

  1. 1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Online:2017-09-28 Published:2017-10-03
  • About author:Dr. FANG Tiegang He is a professor in the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department at North Carolina State University. He obtained his Bachelor of Engineering degree from the Automotive Engineering Department with a minor from the Computer Science and Technology Department of Tsinghua University. Before receiving his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, he obtained his Master of Sciences degree from the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department at Rutgers University. His research interests include internal combustion engines, alternative fuels including biofuels, high-pressure spray combustion, soot, liquid breakup and atomization, optical diagnostics on reacting flows, heat and mass transfer, and fluid mechanics. He is a member of a few professional societies including the Combustion Institute, the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), the Institute for Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems (ILASS), the American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE), and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).

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Abstract:

Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines produce more particulate matter (PM) emissions compared with port fuel injection (PFI) engines. Facing the upcoming stringent regulations in Europe and China, much attention has been paid to reduce the PM emissions of GDI engines. This article provided a brief overview of the research works on particulate matter emissions of gasoline engines, especially for GDI engines to reduce the particulate matter emission, and to meet the requirement of the upcoming stringent regulation. First, discussed the formation of particulate matter in gasoline engines and the difference between GDI and PFI engines. Then,  analysed the mechanisms leading to the GDI engines’ higher PM emission. Moreover, summarized some recent research and development trends of studies on particulate emissions of GDI engines. At last, discussed different approaches to reduce the particle emissions of GDI engines. The results show that gasoline particle filter (GPF) has good potential to be a suitable and cost effective solution, even when considering the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide penalties.

Key words: vehicle engines, particulate matter (PM) emissions, particle number (PN), gasoline direct injection(GDI),  gasoline particulate filter (GPF)