Abstract: This paper studies the impact of the gasoline sulfur content on the durability of vehicle exhaust catalytic converters which can be used to reduce vehicle emission. Thermal aging test and chemical aging test were made separately based on the mechanism of catalytic converters. Engine bench tests were made with an R-FOCUS burner simulation system to evaluate converter durability for 1×105 km using two kinds of fuels with one with sulfur content of 150 μg/g and the other with sulfur content of 50 µg /g, which meet China standards Ⅲ and Ⅳ. The ignition temperatures and oxygen storage capacities of the catalytic converters were measured before and after each test. The results show that the thermal aging has greater impact on the catalytic converters compared with the chemical aging and that high temperature desulfurization process can properly recover the catalytic converter poisoned by sulfur for fuel with sulfur content of 150×10-6.