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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 07 ›› Issue (02): 188-195.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2016.02.008

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轴向预紧力对深沟球轴承刚度影响的有限元方法

叶海燕，周驰，范子杰   

  1. 清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京 100084， 中国
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-08 出版日期:2016-06-25 发布日期:2016-07-06
  • 通讯作者: 范子杰，教授。E-mail: zjfan@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:叶海燕（1989 －），女（汉），广东，硕士研究生。E-mail: haiyany_meizhou@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点实验室重点项目（ZZ2013-014）

Finite element method on the impact of axial preload on the stiffness of deep-groove ball-bearing

YE Haiyan, ZHOU Chi, FAN Zijie   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2015-12-08 Online:2016-06-25 Published:2016-07-06

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摘要：

为解决受轴向力作用的深沟球轴承的有限元分析(FEA) 较难收敛的问题，分析轴向预紧力对轴承刚度的影响，提出一种有限元方法(FEM)。该方法基于理论计算，适当调整各部件的位置，并合理利用强制位移。利用该方法对纯轴向力工况、轴向预紧力和径向力的组合力工况下的深沟球轴承进行分析，并将接触变形的有限元解与理论解作比较，误差在5%以内，从而验证了有限元法的正确性。结果表明：随着预紧力的提高，轴向变形- 预紧力曲线斜率的倒数逐渐变大，这说明预紧力能提高深沟球轴承的轴向刚度，并且当径向力恒定，预紧力在200~400 N内的增加对径向变形的影响很小，这为预紧力的设计提供参考。

关键词: 汽车, 力学分析, 驱动桥, 深沟球轴承, 预紧力, 刚度, 有限元法 (FEM)

Abstract:

Finite element analysis (FEA) is very difficult to converge when deep-groove ball-bearings are under axial load. This paper proposed a finite element method (FEM) to solve the converge problem and to analyze the impact of axial preload on the stiffness of deep-groove ball-bearing by adjusting the position of each part based
on theoretical calculation and by reasonably using enforced displacement. The proposed method was presented on deep groove ball bearing under axial force and combined forces. The FEA solution of contact deformation agrees well with the theoretical result within 5%, which proves the correctness of the FEM. The results show that the inverse of the slope of axial deformation-preload curve increases with preloads, so axial stiffness is improved. Moreover, with constant radial loads, preloads have little impact on the radial deformation when they increase within 200~400 N, which provides a reference for the design of preloads.

Key words: automotive, mechanical analysis, drive axle, deep-groove ball-bearing, preload, stiffness, finite element method (FEM)