用交互氢泵法的聚合物电解质燃料电池堆-30 ℃启动

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.04.020

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 604-612.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.04.020

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇

用交互氢泵法的聚合物电解质燃料电池堆-30 ℃启动

司德春¹(), 蹇季廷²(), 徐浩森¹, 汪尚尚¹, 王诚³, 张剑波¹^,⁴^,^*()

1.清华大学车辆与运载学院, 北京 100084,中国
2.天津大学机械工程学院,天津 300350,中国
3.清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京 100084,中国
4.北京理工大学北京电动汽车联合创新中心,北京 100081,中国

收稿日期:2021-05-28 出版日期:2021-12-31 发布日期:2022-01-10
通讯作者: 张剑波
作者简介:* 张剑波,教授。E-mail: jbzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn。
司德春（1995—）,男（汉）,安徽,博士。E-mail: sdc16@tsinghua.org.cn。
蹇季廷（1996—）,男（汉）,湖南,博士研究生。E-mail: 371883534@qq.com。
基金资助:
科技部重点研发项目(2018YFB0106502)

-30 °C start-up of a PEFC stack based on alternate hydrogen pump method

SI Dechun¹(), JIAN Jiting²(), XU Haosen¹, WANG Shangshang¹, WANG Cheng³, ZHANG Jianbo¹^,⁴^,^*()

1. School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
3. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
4. Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing Co-innovation Center for Electric Vehicles, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2021-05-28 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-01-10
Contact: ZHANG Jianbo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了在温带、寒带地区推广燃料电池汽车,研究了含20片单体电池、活性面积为285 cm²的石墨基双极板聚合物电解质燃料电池短堆的零下启动。开发了基于实车的使用交互氢泵的电源系统;对短堆阳极和阴极同时供应氢气;用低温环境舱来构建-30 ℃环境;以起始膜—水(分子数)含量、交互电幅值及频率等作为3个控制参数,实现燃料电池短堆-30 ℃启动;测试了短堆零下启动前后的极化曲线。结果表明：燃料电池短堆-30 ℃启动后,中心位置的单体电池可在80 s内温升至0 ℃;在其余位置,可在200 s内温升至0 ℃;零下启动前后的极化性能基本无衰减。

关键词: 燃料电池汽车, 聚合物电解质燃料电池(PEFC), 石墨基双极板短堆, 交互氢泵方法, 零下启动

Abstract:

Starting a fuel cell vehicle (FEV) under sub-zero temperature is one of the main obstacles to popularize FEVs in temperate and cold regions. This paper investigated the sub-zero start-up for a short stack of graphite-based bipolar plate polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) with 20 single cells and an active area of 285 cm². Developed a power supply system by using an alternate hydrogen pump based on a real vehicle, with supplying hydrogen to the anode and the cathode of a short stack at the same time in a low-temperature environment chamber to create a -30 °C start-up environment. The initial molecule-number content of membrane to water, the alternating electric amplitude and the frequency were three control parameters to achieve the -30°C start-up of the PEFC short stack. The polarization curves of the short stack were tested before and after the sub-zero start-up. The results show that the single cell reaches 0 °C in 80 s in the middle of a short PEFC stack, and rises to 0 °C in 200 s in the other places of the stack. There is basically no polarization attenuation in the stack before and after the sub-zero start-up.

Key words: fuel cell vehicles (FEVs), polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), graphite-based bipolar plate stack, alternate hydrogen pump method, sub-zero start-up

中图分类号:

M911

司德春, 蹇季廷, 徐浩森, 汪尚尚, 王诚, 张剑波. 用交互氢泵法的聚合物电解质燃料电池堆-30 ℃启动[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2021, 12(4): 604-612.

SI Dechun, JIAN Jiting, XU Haosen, WANG Shangshang, WANG Cheng, ZHANG Jianbo. -30 °C start-up of a PEFC stack based on alternate hydrogen pump method[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2021, 12(4): 604-612.

图/表 13

图1 交互氢泵冷启动系统

图2 大功率交互电源设计图

图3 实验现场照片

图4 交互电源有效性验证结果

图5 燃料电池短堆零下启动实验流程

图6 高频阻抗—时间曲线测试结果

图7 温度采样布置图

图8 预实验温度—时间曲线

图9 预实验电压—时间曲线

图10 预实验温度—时间曲线

图11 零下启动实验电压—时间曲线

图12 零下启动前后电堆整体性能变化

图13 零下启动前后各单池性能变化

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用交互氢泵法的聚合物电解质燃料电池堆-30 ℃启动

-30 °C start-up of a PEFC stack based on alternate hydrogen pump method

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