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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (02): 145-149.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2015.02.006

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侧风中前窗角度对汽车稳定性影响的数值模拟

张甫仁，张金龙，屈 贤，乐 欢   

  1. 重庆交通大学 机电与汽车工程学院，重庆400074，中国
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-18 出版日期:2015-06-25 发布日期:2015-07-08
  • 作者简介:第一作者 / First author ： 张甫仁 (1975—)，男( 汉)，四川，教授。Zh_feixue@163.com 第二作者 / Second author ： 张金龙，硕士研究生。516685355@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(51305472)

Numerical simulation on the influence of different front window angle of automobile stability in crosswind

ZHANG Furen, ZHANG Jinlong, QU Xian, LE Huan   

  1. College of Mechantronics and Automobile Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
  • Received:2014-08-18 Online:2015-06-25 Published:2015-07-08

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摘要：

侧风下汽车外流场中不同前车窗倾角下的气流流动分离规律，对汽车侧风中的稳定性有重要
意义。该文建立了前车窗角度分别为20°、25°、30°、35°和40°的车身模型，使用CFD 仿真软
件--Star-ccm+ 进行数值计算，模拟了侧风为8 m/s，行驶速度为20 m/s 时的车身外流场。结果表
明：侧风中前车窗角度变化对汽车侧向力系数影响最大；前车窗角度为35°时，汽车的行驶稳定性最好，
且随着前车窗角度的增大，车身底部气流在车尾的分离推迟，尾涡数量减少。对35°车身模型的剪切
应力分析指出：对侧风背风侧A 柱区及侧风迎风侧C 柱区优化分析是进一步提高汽车侧风气动性能的
研究方向。

关键词: 汽车工程, 被动安全, 前车窗角, 侧风, 稳定性, 数值计算, 气流分离

Abstract:

It is important for car’s stability in crosswind that the airflow separation around the different front
window angle bodies. Car body numerical calculation models with front window angle of 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°,
and 40°were built using a CFD software—Star-ccm+. The airflow fields around the body were simulated for 20
m/s car speed in 8 m/s crosswind. The results show that the lateral force coefficient is large affected by front
window angle in crosswind; and the body has better stability in crosswind when front window angle of 35°. The
airflow separation from the bottom at the rear is postponed with reducing vortex number, as the front window
angle getting larger. By analysis on body shear stress with 35° front window angle, it is pointed that the optimal
analysis for the leeward side A column and for the crosswind side C column are the direction to improve the
aerodynamic performance.

Key words: automotive engineering, passive safety, front window angle, crosswind, stability, numerical calculation, airflow separation