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汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (4): 545-552.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.04.011

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

PEM燃料电池凸台流道性能三维仿真分析及结构参数优化

张硌1(), 蒲东义1, 胡松1,2,*(), 樊芷君3, 陈东方1, 徐晓明1   

  1. 1.北京科技大学 机械工程学院，北京 100083，中国
    2.北京科技大学 顺德创新学院，佛山 528000，中国
    3.华东交通大学 电气与自动化工程学院，南昌 330013，中国
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-09 修回日期:2024-05-09 出版日期:2024-08-31 发布日期:2024-09-05
  • 通讯作者: *胡松，讲师。E-mail：husong_90@163.com。
  • 作者简介:张硌（1999—），男（汉），内蒙古。E-mail：zhangluo1999@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金课题(KFY2219);佛山市科技创新专项资金项目(BK22BE010)

Performance analysis and structural parameter optimization of baffle channel in PEM fuel cell based on 3D model

ZHANG Luo1(), PU Dongyi1, HU Song1,2,*(), FAN Zhijun3, CHEN Dongfang1, XU Xiaoming1   

  1. 1. School of mechanical engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan 528000, China
    3. School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
  • Received:2023-11-09 Revised:2024-05-09 Online:2024-08-31 Published:2024-09-05

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摘要：

在氢能技术快速发展的背景下，作为关键应用之一的质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的流道设计受到重点研究。该研究通过构建基于实际尺寸的PEMFC全尺寸单流道模型，并在模型中嵌入不同形状的凸台结构，使用Comsol仿真分析探究凸台几何参数对电池性能的影响。结果表明：凸台结构能显著提升功率输出，电流密度增幅达到10%至31.25%，功率提高3%至9.2%；气体流速与功率输出与凸台高度呈正相关，0.2 mm高的矩形凸台性能最佳，显示适宜的凸台高度能有效提升PEMFC效率；通过增强传质效果、优化工质在燃料电池内部的分布，尤其改善流道后半段的水淹，凸台的设置可进一步增强电池功率。与凸台长度相比，凸台高度是主要的优化方向。该研究为全尺寸的PEMFC流道优化提供了理论上的支持，对提高氢能源效率具有指导意义。

关键词: 质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）, 流道设计, 凸台结构, 全尺寸建模, Comsol仿真

Abstract:

Against the backdrop of rapid advancements in hydrogen energy technology, the flow channel design of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as a key application, has been subjected to intensive study. This research developed a full-scale, single flow channel model of a PEMFC based on actual dimensions and incorporated baffle structures of varying shapes within the model to investigate, through simulation analysis, the impact of the geometric parameters of these baffles on cell performance. The results show that the presence of baffle structures significantly enhances power output, with increases in current density ranging from 10% to 31.25% and power boosts between 3% and 9.2%. Notably, a positive correlation exists between gas flow velocity and power output with the height of the baffles, with the performance of rectangular baffles at a height of 0.2 mm being optimal. This demonstrates that an appropriate baffle height can effectively improve PEMFC efficiency by enhancing mass transfer effects and optimizing the distribution of the working medium within the fuel cell, ameliorating water flooding in the latter half of the flow channel caused by water accumulation, thereby further augmenting cell power. Compared to the length of baffles, their height emerges as the primary direction for optimization. The study provides theoretical support for the optimization of full-scale PEMFC flow channels and offers guidance for enhancing the efficiency of hydrogen energy utilization.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), flow channel design, baffle structure, full-size modeling, comsol simulation

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