头部旋转姿势下的颈部低速后碰响应

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.03.003

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 282-289.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.03.003

头部旋转姿势下的颈部低速后碰响应

武和全¹(), 龚创业¹, 任启凡¹^,², 周惠来¹

1.长沙理工大学工程车辆轻量化与可靠性技术湖南省高校重点实验室, 长沙 410004，中国
2.韦仕敦大学机械与材料工程系，伦敦 N6A3K7，加拿大

收稿日期:2021-11-28 修回日期:2023-05-24 出版日期:2023-06-30 发布日期:2023-06-30
作者简介:武和全(1982—)，男(汉)，湖北，副教授。E-mail：csust_vehicle@hotmail.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52172399);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52211530054);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30723);长沙理工大学学位与研究生教育教学改革项目(2022-45)

Effect of head rotation on neck responses under rear impact

WU Hequan¹(), GONG Chuangye¹, REN Qifan¹^,², ZHOU Huilai¹, MAO Haojie²

1. Key Laboratory of Lightweight and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle, Education Department of Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
2. Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University, London N6A3K7, Canada

Received:2021-11-28 Revised:2023-05-24 Online:2023-06-30 Published:2023-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究车辆低速后碰撞时乘员头颈部旋转姿态对颈部损伤的影响, 使用全球人体模型联盟（GHBMC）头颈模型，通过柔性冲击器改变头颈部姿势，将不同姿势的头颈有限元模型颈部肌肉激活后，在第1块胸椎上施加加速度曲线进行低速后碰仿真。结果表明：头部右侧轴向旋转角度对低速后碰撞中乘员头部的运动影响很大；当头颈部处于旋转状态时，激活状态的颈部肌肉带动头部迅速回转，导致头部撞向头枕一侧；头部轴向旋转姿势并不会影响碰撞中颈部弯曲和后向伸展的过程，但会影响颈部的侧向弯曲和轴向旋转，其中第4节到第5节颈椎之间的水平侧向弯曲最为明显， 0°、20°和40°头部旋转姿态下的右侧侧弯颈部损伤峰值分别为0.11、2.66和5.6。

关键词: 汽车安全, 低速后碰, 头部旋转, 颈椎损伤, 乘员损伤

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of head and neck rotation posture of occupants on neck injury during low-speed rear collision, Global Human Body Models Consortium (GHBMC) head and neck model was used to change the head and neck posture through a flexible impactor. After activating the neck muscles of head-and neck finite element models with different poses, acceleration curve was applied to the first thoracic vertebra for low-speed rear collision simulation. The results show that the axial rotation angle of the right side of the head has a great influence on the motion of the occupant's head in the low speed rear collision. When the head and neck are in a rotating state, the activated neck muscles drive the head to turn quickly, resulting in the head hitting the side of the head pillow; Axial head rotation posture dose not affect the process of neck bending and backward extension during collision, but it affects the lateral bending and axial rotation of the neck. Among them, the horizontal lateral bending between the fourth and fifth cervical vertebrae is the most obvious. The peak value of right lateral bending neck injury under 0°, 20° and 40° head rotation posture is 0.11, 2.66 and 5.6, respectively.

Key words: automotive safety, low speed rear impact, head rotation, cervical spine injury, occupant injury

中图分类号:

U471.3

武和全, 龚创业, 任启凡, 周惠来. 头部旋转姿势下的颈部低速后碰响应[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2023, 14(3): 282-289.

WU Hequan, GONG Chuangye, REN Qifan, ZHOU Huilai, MAO Haojie. Effect of head rotation on neck responses under rear impact[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2023, 14(3): 282-289.

图/表 13

参考文献 21

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右侧轴向旋转	C1-C2	C2-C3	C3-C4	C4-C5	C5-C6	C6-C7	C7-T1
20°	9.5	5.1	2.5	3.8	3.7	2.7	0.2
40°	27	5	3.3	4.9	1.5	4.1	0.7
颈椎最大旋转范围^[13]	±28.3	±5.6	±8.1	±5.9	±4.4	±4.8	±3.9

右侧轴向旋转	C1-C2	C2-C3	C3-C4	C4-C5	C5-C6	C6-C7	C7-T1
20°	9.5	5.1	2.5	3.8	3.7	2.7	0.2
40°	27	5	3.3	4.9	1.5	4.1	0.7
颈椎最大旋转范围^[13]	±28.3	±5.6	±8.1	±5.9	±4.4	±4.8	±3.9

运动类型	C1-C2	C2-C3	C3-C4	C4-C5	C5-C6	C6-C7	C7-T1
E	6.7	5.2	5.0	6.1	6.5	7.8	4.3
F	10.4	4.4	6.1	5.5	5.3	5.5	3.0
RAR	28.3	5.6	8.1	5.9	4.4	4.8	3.9
LAR	26.4	4.6	7.6	5.9	3.6	5.3	4.3
LLB	4.3	5.9	5.1	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.0
RLB	7.5	5.6	4.4	2.9	1.6	2.4	2.5

运动类型	C1-C2	C2-C3	C3-C4	C4-C5	C5-C6	C6-C7	C7-T1
E	6.7	5.2	5.0	6.1	6.5	7.8	4.3
F	10.4	4.4	6.1	5.5	5.3	5.5	3.0
RAR	28.3	5.6	8.1	5.9	4.4	4.8	3.9
LAR	26.4	4.6	7.6	5.9	3.6	5.3	4.3
LLB	4.3	5.9	5.1	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.0
RLB	7.5	5.6	4.4	2.9	1.6	2.4	2.5

运动类型	C1-C2	C2-C3	C3-C4	C4-C5	C5-C6	C6-C7	C7-T1
弯曲	-	2.7	3.0	1.9	-	2.3	3.5
伸展	-	-	1.2	2.9	2.0	1.9	3.9
侧弯	-	-	1.5	2.2	2.7	3.4	4.5

头部旋转姿势下的颈部低速后碰响应

Effect of head rotation on neck responses under rear impact

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