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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (4): 319-325.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2012.04.004

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

电动汽车直形收缩梁的轻量化设计与耐撞性分析

王秋成1，刘卫国2，葛东东1，赵福全2，李 芳1   

  1. 1. 浙江工业大学 车辆工程研究所，杭州 310014，中国；
    2. 吉利汽车研究院 吉利汽车安全技术实验室，杭州 311228，中国
  • 收稿日期:2012-10-17 出版日期:2012-12-25 发布日期:2013-01-05
  • 作者简介:王秋成（1964—），男（汉），浙江，教授，博导。E-mail ：wqc@zjut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    浙江省自然科学基金（重点）（LZ12E05003）；浙江省汽车安全技术实验室开放基金重点项目（LHY11090563）

Design of straight-retractable energy-absorbing beam for electic cars and its crashworthiness analysis

WANG Qiucheng 1, LIU Weiguo 2, GE Dongdong 1, ZHAO Fuquan 2, LI Fang 1   

  1. 1. Zhejiang University of Technology, Institute of Vehicle Engineering, Hangzhou 310014, China;
    2. Geely Automobile Research Institute, Geely Automobile Safety Technology Laboratory, Hangzhou 311228, China
  • Received:2012-10-17 Online:2012-12-25 Published:2013-01-05

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摘要： 电动车续航里程过短是影响推广应用的主要瓶颈因素之一，而电动汽车车身结构的轻量化是
提高续航里程的有效途径。该文提出了两款新型梁——直形收缩梁和锥形收缩梁，对某款电动汽车
原吸能部件，进行轻量化设计。建立了电动汽车正面碰撞结构模型，运用Hypermesh 和LS-DYNA 软件，
对新型吸能梁和原吸能梁进行低速(16 km/h) 碰撞和高速(50 km/h) 碰撞模拟，研究了其碰撞能量吸
收、刚性墙撞击力、车身加速度等碰撞行为。仿真计算结果表明：新型直形收缩梁在高速碰撞时吸
能提高了18.0 %，同时吸能部件的质量减轻了23.6 %，兼顾了电动汽车零部件的轻量化和耐撞性。

关键词: 电动汽车, 吸能梁, 耐撞性, 轻量化

Abstract: The insufficient mileage is one of the major bottleneck factors which affect the promotion and
application of electric cars. To reduce the electric vehicle body mass is an effective way to improve the mileage
of an electric vehicle. Two kinds of contraction beams, straight retractable (SR) and tapered retractable (TR)
beams, were designed to lighten the electric car mass. A frontal crash model was established by using the
Hypermesh and LS-DYNA to study the frontal structural component crashworthiness of an electric car during
collisions at a low-speed of 16 km/h and a high-speed of 50 km/h. The collision energy absorption, the impact
force, and the body acceleration, when using new energy-absorbing beams, were analyzed and compared
with those when using the original energy-absorbing beam. Simulation results demonstrate that the straight
retractable beam can absorb more crash energy by 18.0% at the high-speed collision and reduce the mass by
23.6%, which optimizes both the light mass and the crashworthiness of an electric car.

Key words: electric car, energy-absorbing beam, crashworthiness, light mass

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