不同倾斜姿态下THOR-AV与THOR-RS假人的正面碰撞响应对比研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2026.05.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究THOR-AV与THOR-RS假人在不同姿态下的正面碰撞响应特征，采用可调节刚性座椅与座椅集成三点式安全带，在标准姿态与45°倾斜姿态下开展了高速正面滑台碰撞试验。结果表明：2种假人头部和骨盆的初始倾角存在显著统计学差异；倾斜姿态下THOR-RS出现肩带与颈部非正常接触而THOR-AV未发生；ISO/TS 18571评分分析表明下躯干响应一致性较高，上躯干一致性相对较低，标准姿态下总体评分为0.62，高于倾斜姿态的0.57；在动力学响应上，2种假人存在不同的颈部载荷模式，且THOR-RS的髂骨力高于THOR-AV。研究结果可为倾斜姿态乘员保护测评中测试假人的选择与损伤指标阈值制定提供参考。

关键词: 汽车安全, 碰撞假人, 乘员响应, 腰椎损伤

Abstract:

The advancement of autonomous driving has led occupants to increasingly adopt highly reclined postures, yet direct comparisons of crash response differences between anthropomorphic test devices in different reclined postures remain lacking. To investigate the frontal crash response characteristics of THOR-AV and THOR-RS in different postures, high-speed frontal sled tests were conducted using an adjustable rigid seat with a seat-integrated three-point seatbelt under both a standard posture and a 45° reclined posture. The results show that a statistically significant difference is observed in the initial recline angles of both the head and pelvis between the two dummies. In the reclined posture, abnormal shoulder belt-to-neck contact occurs with THOR-RS but not with THOR-AV. ISO/TS 18571 score analysis reveals higher response consistency in the lower torso and relatively lower consistency in the upper torso, with an overall score of 0.62 in the standard posture, which is higher than that observed (0.57) in the reclined posture. In terms of kinetics, the two dummies exhibit different neck loading patterns, and THOR-RS shows significantly higher iliac forces than THOR-AV. The findings of this study can provide a reference for selecting appropriate test dummy and establishing injury index thresholds in the assessment of occupant protection under reclined postures.

Key words: automotive safety, crash test dummy, occupant response, lumbar injury

中图分类号:

U461.91

费敬, 杨笑婷, 张心晴, 王沛丰, 白中浩, 胡勇. 不同倾斜姿态下THOR-AV与THOR-RS假人的正面碰撞响应对比研究[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2026, 17(5): 527-537.

FEI Jing, YANG Xiaoting, ZHANG Xinqing, WANG Peifeng, BAI Zhonghao, HU Yong. A comparative research on frontal crash responses of THOR-AV and THOR-RS dummies in different reclined postures[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2026, 17(5): 527-537.

图/表 16

参考文献 22

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倾斜传感器	标准姿态			倾斜姿态
倾斜传感器	THOR- AV	THOR- RS	差值	THOR- AV	THOR- RS	差值
头部	-8.3	-0.5	7.8	27.2	35.3	8.1
颈部	-0.9	-1.1	0.2	29.8	30.4	0.6
T1	22.2	20.2	2.0	49.4	47.0	2.4
T12	35.4	33.1	2.3	49.1	53.6	4.5
骨盆	40.0	34.4	5.6	51.0	54.3	3.3

倾斜传感器	标准姿态			倾斜姿态
倾斜传感器	THOR- AV	THOR- RS	差值	THOR- AV	THOR- RS	差值
头部	-8.3	-0.5	7.8	27.2	35.3	8.1
颈部	-0.9	-1.1	0.2	29.8	30.4	0.6
T1	22.2	20.2	2.0	49.4	47.0	2.4
T12	35.4	33.1	2.3	49.1	53.6	4.5
骨盆	40.0	34.4	5.6	51.0	54.3	3.3

部位	响应参数	标准姿态		倾斜姿态
部位	响应参数	ISO评分	平均值	ISO评分	平均值
头部	X向加速度	0.64	0.56	0.76	0.44
	Z向加速度	0.72		0.31
	绕Z轴角速度	0.31		0.24
上颈部	X向力	0.25	0.48	0.25	0.39
	Z向力	0.63		0.50
	绕X轴力矩	0.73		0.29
	绕Y轴力矩	0.29		0.54
胸腰椎	T1 X向加速度	0.64	0.71	0.63	0.70
	T1 Z向加速度	0.53		0.63
	T12 X向加速度	0.76		0.76
	T12 Z向加速度	0.79		0.71
	T12 Z向力	0.76		0.61
	T12 绕Y轴力矩	0.76		0.84
骨盆	骨盆X向加速度	0.76	0.66	0.80	0.62
	骨盆Z向加速度	0.72		0.69
	骨盆绕X轴角速度	0.51		0.28
	左髂X向力	0.66		0.46
	左髂绕Y轴力矩	0.42		0.67
	右髂X向力	0.77		0.63
	右髂绕Y轴力矩	0.79		0.84
所有项平均值		0.62		0.57

部位	响应参数	标准姿态		倾斜姿态
部位	响应参数	ISO评分	平均值	ISO评分	平均值
头部	X向加速度	0.64	0.56	0.76	0.44
	Z向加速度	0.72		0.31
	绕Z轴角速度	0.31		0.24
上颈部	X向力	0.25	0.48	0.25	0.39
	Z向力	0.63		0.50
	绕X轴力矩	0.73		0.29
	绕Y轴力矩	0.29		0.54
胸腰椎	T1 X向加速度	0.64	0.71	0.63	0.70
	T1 Z向加速度	0.53		0.63
	T12 X向加速度	0.76		0.76
	T12 Z向加速度	0.79		0.71
	T12 Z向力	0.76		0.61
	T12 绕Y轴力矩	0.76		0.84
骨盆	骨盆X向加速度	0.76	0.66	0.80	0.62
	骨盆Z向加速度	0.72		0.69
	骨盆绕X轴角速度	0.51		0.28
	左髂X向力	0.66		0.46
	左髂绕Y轴力矩	0.42		0.67
	右髂X向力	0.77		0.63
	右髂绕Y轴力矩	0.79		0.84
所有项平均值		0.62		0.57

试验条件	头部	上颈部				胸腰椎T12		髂骨
试验条件	HIC₁₅	F_x / kN	F_z / kN	M_ocy / N·m	N_ij	F_z / kN	M_y / Nm	F_x / kN
标准姿态THOR-AV	110.17	0.61	1.44	27.17	0.37	4.97	211.90	4.54
标准姿态THOR-RS	189.42	1.30	1.56	7.46	0.28	4.35	211.83	6.08
倾斜姿态THOR-AV	111.98	0.74	2.00	35.83	0.43	3.97	222.50	2.50
倾斜姿态THOR-RS	102.59	1.50	1.45	6.23	0.30	4.66	217.52	4.56