煤基燃料燃烧颗粒物对颗粒捕集器沉积过程的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.01.007

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 63-70.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.01.007

煤基燃料燃烧颗粒物对颗粒捕集器沉积过程的影响

朱鑫昌¹(), 刘帅¹^,²^,^*(), 王忠¹, 华伦², 帅石金³

1.江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院，镇江 212013，中国
2.清华大学苏州汽车研究院，吴江 215200，中国
3.清华大学，智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室（原汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室），北京 100084，中国

收稿日期:2021-07-01 修回日期:2023-09-26 出版日期:2024-02-29 发布日期:2024-02-29
通讯作者: *刘帅，副教授，E-mail：lstcls@ujs.edu.cn。
作者简介:朱鑫昌（1998—），男（汉），江苏，硕士研究生，E-mail：zxc1998516@163.com。
基金资助:
汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金(KFY2227);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20200910);江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(21KJD470002);南通市科技计划项目(JC2021166)

Influence of coal-based fuel combustion particles on DPF deposition process

ZHU Xinchang¹(), LIU Shuai¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Zhong¹, HUA Lun², SHUAI Shijin³

1. College of Automobile and Transportation engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
2. Suzhou Automotive Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Wujiang 215200, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility (Former: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2021-07-01 Revised:2023-09-26 Online:2024-02-29 Published:2024-02-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探讨了柴油机燃用代用燃料后，排气颗粒物结构特征的变化规律。依据柴油机台架试验，使用0%、5%、15%甲醇掺混比的F-T（Fischer-Tropsch）合成柴油，在标定工况下采集颗粒。用同步辐射小角散射分析方法测量颗粒物摩擦力、粒径等参数。基于实验数据，在EDEM软件中建立颗粒模型，模拟了颗粒碰撞沉积过程。结果表明：随甲醇掺混比的增加，甲醇、F-T柴油燃烧颗粒间摩擦力增加0.6 N，平均粒径增加2.44 nm。沉积过程中，颗粒捕集器（DPF）单元体非迎风面的沉积量急剧增加；颗粒沉积效率随沉积时间的增加而增加；随摩擦力增大、粒径增大，颗粒层厚度及颗粒链长度也随之增加。甲醇掺混比的改变使得颗粒整体向更多、更细的方向变化，燃料类型及掺混比的改变显著影响了颗粒在DPF载体上的沉积状态。

关键词: 柴油机, 代用燃料, 甲醇、甲醇 / F-T合成燃料, 颗粒物, 柴油机微粒捕集器（DPF）, EDEM软件, 小角散射

Abstract:

The study explored the changes in the structural characteristics of exhaust particulate matter when diesel engines burn alternative fuels. Based on diesel engine bench tests, particles were collected under calibrated conditions using F-T (Fischer-Tropsch) synthetic diesel fuel blended with 0%, 5%, and 15% methanol. The friction force and particle size parameters of the particulate matter were measured using synchrotron small-angle scattering analysis. A particle model was established in the EDEM software based on experimental data, simulating the particle collision and deposition process. The results show that as the methanol blending ratio increases, the friction force between methanol and F-T diesel combustion particles increases by 0.6 N, and the average particle size increases by 2.44 nm. During the deposition process, the number of particles deposited on the non-windward side of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) unit body increases sharply; the particle deposition efficiency increases with the deposition time; as the friction force and particle size increase, the particle layer thickness and particle chain length also increase. The change in the methanol blending ratio leads to a transformation of particles towards more numerous and finer ones, significantly affecting the deposition state of particles on the DPF substrate due to changes in fuel type and blending ratio.

Key words: diesel engines, alternative fuels, methanol / Fischer - Tropsch (F-T) synthetic diesel, particle matter, diesel particulate filter (DPF), EDEM software, small angle scattering

朱鑫昌, 刘帅, 王忠, 华伦, 帅石金. 煤基燃料燃烧颗粒物对颗粒捕集器沉积过程的影响[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(1): 63-70.

ZHU Xinchang, LIU Shuai, WANG Zhong, HUA Lun, SHUAI Shijin. Influence of coal-based fuel combustion particles on DPF deposition process[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(1): 63-70.

图/表 16

燃料	ω(O₂) %	ρ g·cm^-3	v mm²·s^-1	十六烷值	低热值 MJ·kg^-1
F-T柴油	0.0	0.775	2.245	75	47.35
甲醇	50.0	0.792	0.580	3	20.26
FM5	2.5	0.757	2.103	71	46.00
FM15	7.5	0.761	1.961	64	43.26

表1 甲醇、F-T柴油理化性能指标

气缸直径	95 mm
活塞行程	115 mm
标定功率	108 kW
标定功率的转速	2 500 r/min
最大扭矩	460 Nm
最大扭矩的转速	1 750 r/min

表2 实验用发动机参数

图1 柴油机台架试验现场图

图2 不同甲醇掺混比下颗粒物散射图像

图3 散射矢量与散射强度比值

图4 颗粒的Guinier曲线

图5 颗粒的粒径分布曲线

图6 颗粒的散射对数曲线图

	α / %	D	分形维数	ln(q / nm^-1)
D_s	0	3.92	2.18	-2.52~-0.83
	5	3.82	2.20	-2.52~-0.83
	15	3.59	2.41	-2.52~-0.83
D_m	0	1.40	1.40	-0.83~0.68
	5	1.37	1.37	-0.83~0.68
	15	1.14	1.14	-0.83~0.68

表3 颗粒的分形维数

图7 颗粒物SEM微观形貌图像

载体材料	堇青石
模量	166 GPa
Poisson比	0.28
长度	305 mm
碰撞恢复系数	0.1

表4 DPF结构参数及堇青石物性参数

图8 DPF单元体简化模型

图9 不同摩擦力下颗粒在单元体上的沉积状况

图10 不同摩擦力下颗粒沉积状况随时间变化规律

图11 不同摩擦力下颗粒在单元体上的沉积状况

图12 不同粒径的颗粒沉积状况随时间变化规律

参考文献 21

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煤基燃料燃烧颗粒物对颗粒捕集器沉积过程的影响

Influence of coal-based fuel combustion particles on DPF deposition process

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