不同控制策略下新能源汽车跨临界CO2热泵最优运行特性

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.04.018

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 770-777.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.04.018

不同控制策略下新能源汽车跨临界CO₂热泵最优运行特性

贾凡¹(), 王谙词¹, 殷翔¹, 曹锋¹^,^*(), 刘和成²

1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，西安 710049，中国
2.广东美的制冷设备有限公司，佛山 528010，中国

收稿日期:2022-03-20 修回日期:2022-07-25 出版日期:2022-12-31 发布日期:2023-01-01
通讯作者: 曹锋
作者简介:*曹锋，教授。E-mail：fcao@mail.xjtu.edu.cn。
贾凡（1998—），男（汉），河北，硕士研究生。E-mail：793890685@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976153);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52006162)

Optimal operating characteristics for trans-critical CO₂ heat pump of new energy vehicles under different control strategies

JIA Fan¹(), WANG Anci¹, YIN Xiang¹, CAO Feng¹^,^*(), LIU Hecheng²

1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
2. Guangdong Midea Air-Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd, Foshan 528010, China

Received:2022-03-20 Revised:2022-07-25 Online:2022-12-31 Published:2023-01-01
Contact: CAO Feng

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对于跨临界CO₂汽车热泵系统，在不同控制策略下，研究了影响最优排气压力的主要因素。基于GT-Suite仿真平台建立仿真模型，并用制热性能实验数据对其进行校准。以恒定送风温度来约束制热量。数字模拟了在不同环境温度、不同送风温度和不同风量下的最优排气压力，与定转速控制方式进行对比。结果表明：在定转速控制模式下，没有最优排气压力；在定送风控制方式下，最优排气压力随室内风量增大、环境温度增加、出风温度增大而增大。送风温度影响最优排气压力变化13.09%；环境温度影响最优排气压力变化9.64%；风量影响最优排气压力变化5.95%。提出了基于仿真数据的最优排气压力关联式。

关键词: 电动汽车, CO₂热泵, 运行特征, 最优排压, 仿真模型

Abstract:

For the transcritical CO₂ automotive heat pump system, the main factors affecting the optimal discharge pressure were investigated under different control strategies. The simulation model was established based on the GT-Suite simulation platform and calibrated with experimental data of heat production performance. A constant supply air temperature was used to constrain the heating capacity. The optimal discharge pressure was simulated numerically at different ambient temperatures, different supply air temperatures and different air volumes, and then compared with the constant speed control mode. The results show that there is no optimal discharge pressure in the constant speed control mode; the optimal discharge pressure increases with increasing indoor air volume, increasing ambient temperature and increasing outlet air temperature in the constant supply air control mode. The air supply temperature affects the optimal discharge pressure variation by 13.09%; the ambient temperature affects the optimal discharge pressure variation by 9.64%; the air volume affects the optimal discharge pressure variation by 5.95%. The optimal discharge pressure correlation formula is proposed based on the simulation data.

Key words: electric vehicles, CO₂ heat pump, operating characteristics, optimal discharge pressure, simulation model

中图分类号:

U469.72

贾凡, 王谙词, 殷翔, 曹锋, 刘和成. 不同控制策略下新能源汽车跨临界CO₂热泵最优运行特性[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(4): 770-777.

JIA Fan, WANG Anci, YIN Xiang, CAO Feng, LIU Hecheng. Optimal operating characteristics for trans-critical CO₂ heat pump of new energy vehicles under different control strategies[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2022, 13(4): 770-777.

图/表 12

图1 跨临界CO2汽车空调热泵仿真模型

部件名称	部件几何参数
压缩机	6.8 mL
辅助换热器	156 mm×142 mm×32 mm
气体冷却器	218 mm×200 mm×38 mm
蒸发器	600 mm×300 mm×20 mm
气液分离器	0.5 L

表1 跨临界CO2汽车空调热泵模型几何参数

图2 系统COP、制热量仿真与实验对比

图3 排气压力对定气冷出口温度系统COP影响

图4 气冷出口温度较低不同排压下定气冷出口温度压焓图

图5 气冷出口温度较低定气冷出口温度与定送风温度对比

图6 定送风温度条件的不同排压下系统压焓图

位置	θ_am / ℃	RH / %	q_V / (m³·h^-1)	p_out / MPa
室外侧	-10~10	50	2 500	7.6~10
室内侧	42~50	50	240~420	7.6~10

表2 热泵仿真运行工况

图7 风量345 m3/h，送风温度46 ℃变环境温度及对应定转速控制COP变化

图8 环境温度0 ℃，送风温度46 ℃不同风量COP变化

图9 风量420 m3/h，环境温度0 ℃变送风温度及相应定转速控制系统COP

图10 不同因素对定送风控制下最优排压的影响

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不同控制策略下新能源汽车跨临界CO₂热泵最优运行特性

Optimal operating characteristics for trans-critical CO₂ heat pump of new energy vehicles under different control strategies

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