串联式和增程式混合动力轻型商用车的性能对比

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.03.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为确定在串联式动力系统策略和增程式动力系统策略下的最优油耗和二氧化碳排放,以一辆日均行驶150 km、满载质量4.5 t的轻型商用厢式卡车为对象,对动力性、油耗及使用阶段的二氧化碳排放量进行了仿真。考虑比较的公平性和实用性,应用了规则式策略（RB）和动态等效燃油消耗最小策略（DECMS）。提出了改进的混合型能量管理策略（M-DECMS）。结果表明：在中国—全球瞬态整车循环（C-WTVC）工况下,对于1.2 L和1.5 L 两种量产发动机,相较于串联式电动汽车（SHEV）,增程式电动汽车（REEV）平均可以降低30.1%的燃油消耗和16.65%的二氧化碳排放。因而,相较于串联式动力系统,增程式有助于降低燃油消耗和驾驶阶段二氧化碳排放。

关键词: 混合动力商用汽车, 增程式电动汽车, 能量管理策略, 串联构型, 动态等效燃油消耗最小策略（DECMS）, 中国-全球瞬态整车循环（C-WTVC）

Abstract:

The vehicle performances, fuel consumptions and in-use carbon dioxide emissions were simulated for a light commercial van with 150 km daily travel and 4.5 t gross mass to determine the optimal fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission for the range-extender electric system and the series hybrid system. A rule-based strategy (RB) and a dynamic equivalent consumption minimization strategy (DECMS) were employed considering fair comparison and practicability before proposing an improved mixed strategy (M-DECMS). The results show that the range-extender electric vehicle (REEV) reduces the fuel consumption by 30.1% and reduces carbon dioxide emission by 16.65% compared with the series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) with two mass-production engines of 1.2 L and 1.5 L, under the China World Transient Vehicle Cycle (C-WTVC). Therefore, the range-extender electric system helps to reduce the fuel consumption and the in-use carbon dioxide emission comparing with the series hybrid system.

Key words: hybrid commercial vehicles, range-extender electric vehicles, energy management strategy, series configuration, dynamic equivalent consumption minimization strategy (DECMS), China world transient vehicle cycle (C-WTVC)

中图分类号:

U469.7

李敏清, 冯坚, 韩志玉. 串联式和增程式混合动力轻型商用车的性能对比[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(3): 550-559.

LI Minqing, FENG Jian, HAN Zhiyu. Performance comparation of the series type and the range-extender type of the hybrid light commercial vehicles[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2022, 13(3): 550-559.

图/表 16

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		增程式	串联式
发动机	排量/L	1.2	1.5
	额定功率^①/ kW	39.5	50.0
	额定扭矩^①/ Nm	93.8	119.3
	最低油耗/ (g·kWh^-1)	238^②	212^③
启动发电一体机(ISG)	额定功率/ kW	40	48
	峰值功率/ kW	80	96
	峰值扭矩/ Nm	240	300
驱动电机 (TM)	额定功率/ kW	60	60
	峰值功率/ kW	120	120
	峰值扭矩/ Nm	320	320
电池组	类型	磷酸铁锂	三元锂
	容量/ Ah	60	6.2
	能量/ kWh	19.96	2.17
	标称电压/ V	332.8	350
	放电倍率/ C	2^④	54^⑤
	充电倍率/ C	2^④	33^⑤

		增程式	串联式
发动机	排量/L	1.2	1.5
	额定功率^①/ kW	39.5	50.0
	额定扭矩^①/ Nm	93.8	119.3
	最低油耗/ (g·kWh^-1)	238^②	212^③
启动发电一体机(ISG)	额定功率/ kW	40	48
	峰值功率/ kW	80	96
	峰值扭矩/ Nm	240	300
驱动电机 (TM)	额定功率/ kW	60	60
	峰值功率/ kW	120	120
	峰值扭矩/ Nm	320	320
电池组	类型	磷酸铁锂	三元锂
	容量/ Ah	60	6.2
	能量/ kWh	19.96	2.17
	标称电压/ V	332.8	350
	放电倍率/ C	2^④	54^⑤
	充电倍率/ C	2^④	33^⑤

工况	λ / [g·(kWh)^-1]		t_min / s
工况	REEV	SHEV	REEV	SHEV
低速	268	290	60	16
中速	259	290	60	24
高速	250	284	100	5
超高速	250	无解	100	无解

工况	λ / [g·(kWh)^-1]		t_min / s
工况	REEV	SHEV	REEV	SHEV
低速	268	290	60	16
中速	259	290	60	24
高速	250	284	100	5
超高速	250	无解	100	无解

工况	100 km油耗/ L		差异 / %
工况	RB	M-DECMS	差异 / %
C-WTVC 低速	10.69	10.58	-1.0
C-WTVC 中速	11.11	10.97	-1.3
C-WTVC	14.31	14.34	0.2
实际路谱	11.75	11.8	0.4