两级式半主动磁流变抗冲击座椅悬架系统设计与仿真

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.02.003

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (2): 242-249.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.02.003

两级式半主动磁流变抗冲击座椅悬架系统设计与仿真

亓昌¹^,³(), 徐博¹, 余洁¹^,^*(), 杨姝¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1.大连理工大学汽车工程学院,大连 116024,中国
2.汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室(清华大学),北京,100084,中国
3.大连理工大学宁波研究院,宁波,315016,中国

收稿日期:2021-08-04 修回日期:2021-12-12 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-07-01
通讯作者: 余洁,杨姝
作者简介:*杨姝,副教授。E-mail： yangshu@dlut.edu.cn。
亓昌(1978—),男(汉),陕西,教授。E-mail： qichang@dlut.edu.cn。
徐博(1995—),男(汉),浙江,硕士研究生。E-mail： 363836064@qq.com。
基金资助:
汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金(KF2003);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(DUT20 LAB132);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(DUT21GF203)

Design and simulation of a two-stage semi-active magneto-rheological anti-impact seat suspension system

QI Chang¹^,³(), XU Bo¹, YU Jie¹^,^*(), YANG Shu¹^,²^,³^,^*()

1. School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety and Energy Conservation (Tsinghua University), Beijing 100084, China
3. Ningbo Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo 315016, China

Received:2021-08-04 Revised:2021-12-12 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-07-01
Contact: YU Jie,YANG Shu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为在爆炸冲击下保护特种车辆内乘员安全,利用自建的四自由度集中参数人体模型,提出了一种两级式半主动抗冲击软着陆控制座椅概念设计。通过垂向冲击动力学仿真,验证了模型的有效性;基于磁流变阻尼器Hysteretic模型,建立了阻尼器力学模型;通过振动测试台,辨识了阻尼器力学模型相关系数;用自建的两级式半主动座椅悬架系统仿真模型,研究了抗冲击座椅的抗冲击和减振性能。结果表明：相比原有设计,本文座椅可使乘员头部加速度峰值降低42.5%;使最大有效幅值传递率下降了19.4%。从而,提高了舒适性,降低了乘员头部损伤风险,满足抗爆性能要求。

关键词: 汽车主动安全, 抗冲击座椅, 两级悬架系统, 磁流变, 软着陆控制

Abstract:

A conceptual design was proposed for a seat with two-stage semi-active impact-resistant soft-landing control by using a four-degree-of-freedom lumped-parameter human body model established by authors to protect the occupants in special vehicles under explosion impacts. The validity of the model was verified through vertical impact dynamics simulation; A damper mechanical model was established based on a magnetorheological damper Hysteretic model; The correlation coefficients of the damper mechanical model were identified on a vibration test bench. The shock resistances and the vibration damping performances of the seat were investigate by a simulation model of the two-stage semi-active seat suspension system. The results show that compared with the original design, the seat designed by authors reduces the occupant’s head peak acceleration by 42.5%, with reducing the maximum effective amplitude transfer rate of the seat by 19.4%. Therefore, the seat improves comfort, reduces the occupant head injury risk, and meets the anti-explosion performance requirements.

Key words: vehicle active safety, anti-impact seats, two-stage suspension system, magnetorheological, soft-landing control

中图分类号:

U463.33

亓昌, 徐博, 余洁, 杨姝. 两级式半主动磁流变抗冲击座椅悬架系统设计与仿真[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(2): 242-249.

QI Chang, XU Bo, YU Jie, YANG Shu. Design and simulation of a two-stage semi-active magneto-rheological anti-impact seat suspension system[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2022, 13(2): 242-249.

图/表 13

图1 两级式半主动抗冲击座椅悬架系统模型

图2 四自由度集中参数人体模型

i	器官	m / kg	k / (kN·m^-1)	c / (Nm·s^-1)
1	骨盆	36.00	20.0	330.0
2	内脏	5.50	10.0	200.0
3	上身躯干	15.00	192.0	909.1
4	头部	4.17	134.4	250.0

表1 四自由度人体模型参数[13]

图3 垂向冲击载荷下的人体头部加速度响应

j₁	-1.113	α₂	130.0
j₂	3.591	f₀₁	-6.134
j₃	1.021	f₀₂	21.691
p₁	1.341	f₀₃	-147.2
p₂	1.979	δ	0.810 8
p₃	0.746	β	0.090
α₁	1121

表2 磁流变阻尼器模型参数

图4 1 A电流下的磁流变阻尼器力学特性曲线

图5 磁流变阻尼力控制原理

图6 软着陆控制原理

图7 被动悬架及不同控制策略下座椅有效传递率

悬架类型	SEAT最大值	f / Hz
被动	6.30	3.00
天棚控制	5.12	2.50
PID控制	5.08	2.50

表3 3种悬架的座椅最大有效振幅传递率和固有频率

图8 B级路面激励下乘员头部加速度仿真结果

座椅悬架控制策略	RMS最大值/（m·s^-2）
(无控制)	0.358 3
天棚控制	0.240 5
PID控制	0.230 6

表4 3种座椅悬架的乘员头部加速度均方根最大值

图9 爆炸冲击载荷下乘员头部加速度仿真结果

参考文献 21

[1]	Radonic V, Giunio L, Bioci M, et al. Injuries from antitank mines in southern croatia[J]. Military Medicine, 2004. 169(4): 320-324. doi: 10.7205/MILMED.169.4.320 URL
[2]	DONG Yanpeng, LÜ Zhenhua. Numerical analysis of blast protection improvement of an armored vehicle cab by composite armors and anti-shock seats[J]. SAE Int’l J Commercial Vehi, 2019. 12(1): 5-18.
[3]	Grujicic M, Arakere G, Bell W C, et al. Computational investigation of the effect of up-armouring on the reduction in occupant injury or fatality in a prototypical high-mobility multi-purpose wheeled vehicle subjected to mine blast[J]. Proc Inst Mech Eng, Part D: J Automobile Engineering, 2009. 223(7): 903-920.
[4]	ISO. Mechanical Vibration and Shock: Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-body Vibration. Part 1, General Requirements: International Standard ISO 2631-1:1997 [S]. ISO, 1997.
[5]	SUN Shuaishuai, NING Donghong, YANG Jian, et al. A seat suspension with a rotary magnetorheological damper for heavy duty vehicles[J]. Smart Mate Struc, 2016, 25(10): 1-10.
[6]	石秉良, 王显会, 张云. 军用车辆底部防护研究与发展综述[J]. 兵工学报, 2016. 37(10): 1902-1914. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.10.018
	SHI Bingliang, WANG Xianhui, ZHANG Yun, et al. An Overview of Development and Research on Bottom Protection Capability of Military Vehicle[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2016. 37(10): 1902-1914. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2016.10.018
[7]	CHENG Ming, Dionne J P, Makris A. On drop-tower test methodology for blast mitigation seat evaluation[J]. Int’l J Impact Engineering, 2010. 37(12): 1180-1187.
[8]	DONG Yanpeng, LÜ Zhenhua. Analysis and evaluation of an anti-shock seat with a multi-stage non-linear suspension for a tactical vehicle under a blast load[J]. Proc Inst Mech Eng, Part D: J Automobile Engineering, 2012. 226(8): 1037-1047.
[9]	魏然, 王显会, 周云波, 等. 爆炸冲击下车辆底部结构与座椅系统多参数优化研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016. 35(14): 90-95.
	WEI Ran, WANG Xianhui, ZHOU Yunbo, et al. Multi-parameter optimization of vehicle underbody configuration and occupant restraint system under explosion shock load[J]. J Vibr Shock, 2016. 35(14): 90-95. (in Chinese)
[10]	寇发荣. 车辆磁流变半主动座椅悬架的研制[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016. 35(8): 239-244.
	KOU Farong. Development of vehicle semi-active seat suspension with magneto-rheological damper[J]. J Vibr Shock, 2016. 35(8): 239-244. (in Chinese)
[11]	Choi Y T and Wereley N M. Mitigation of biodynamic response to vibratory and blast-induced shock loads using magnetorheological seat suspensions[J]. Proc Inst Mech Eng, Part D: J Automobile Engineering, 2005. 219(6): 741-753.
[12]	BAI Xianxu and YANG Sen. Hybrid controller of magnetorheological semi-active seat suspension system for both shock and vibration mitigation[J]. J Intell Mate Syst Stru, 2019. 30(11): 1613-1628.
[13]	徐博. 两级磁流变抗爆座椅悬架设计与防护性能仿真[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2021.
	XU Bo. Suspension design and protection performance simulation of two-stage magnetorheological anti-mine seat[D]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2021. (in Chinese)
[14]	WAN Yi. An investigation into linear and nonlinear optimal seat suspension designs[D]. Milwaukee: Marquette University, 1998.
[15]	Reed W H, Carroll D F, Rothe V E. Armored crew seat drop test program[R]. Bell Helicopter Textron Inc Fort Worth Tx, No. M 66-8, 1966.
[16]	中国兵器工业集团第二一○研究所. 先进材料领域科技发展报告[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2019: 137-143.
	No. 210 Research Institute of China North Industries Group Corporation. Report on the Development of Science and Technology in the Field of Advanced Materials[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2019: 137-143. (in Chinese)
[17]	Kwok N M, Nguyen T H, LI Jianchun, et al. A novel hysteretic model for magnetorheological fluid dampers and parameter identification using particle swarm optimization[J]. Sensors Actuators A: Physical, 2006. 132(2): 441-451. doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2006.03.015 URL
[18]	Karnopp D, Crosby M J, Harwood R A. Vibration Control Using Semi-Active Force Generators[J]. J Engi Indu, 1974, 96(2): 619-626.
[19]	Wereley N M, Choi Y T, Singh H J. Adaptive Energy Absorbers for Drop-induced Shock Mitigation[J]. J Intell Mate Syst Struc, 2011. 22(6): 515-519.
[20]	van Niekerk J L, Pielemeier W J, Greenberg J A. The use of seat effective amplitude transmissibility (SEAT) values to predict dynamic seat comfort[J]. J Sound Vibration, 2003. 260(5): 867-888. doi: 10.1016/S0022-460X(02)00934-3 URL
[21]	LOU Ken-An. Simulation of various LSTC dummy models to correlate drop test results[C]// 13th LS-DYNA® Int’l Conf & 13th LS-DYNA® Users Meeting, 2014: 1-12.

两级式半主动磁流变抗冲击座椅悬架系统设计与仿真

Design and simulation of a two-stage semi-active magneto-rheological anti-impact seat suspension system

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 13

参考文献 21

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

期刊信息

在线期刊

作者中心

审稿中心

联系我们

[1]	牛成勇, 吴昆伦, 周祥祥, 苏占领, 胡雄. 不同光照不同偏置率碰撞场景的AEB系统测试与评价[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(2): 269-275.
[2]	杨阳, 邓涛, 曹莉, 李强. 基于球形电机的磁流变悬架的设计与仿真[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2021, 12(3): 328-335.
[3]	屈贤, 林繁国, 张金龙. 基于磁流变缓冲吸能装置的汽车碰撞仿真分析[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2020, 11(4): 487-492.
[4]	林国庆, 逯超, 韩龙飞, 王睿希. 汽车自动紧急制动系统行人测试与评价方法[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2020, 11(3): 296-304.
[5]	姜义成，李凡 . 基于深度可分离卷积和多级特征金字塔网络的行人检测[J]. JASE, 2020, 11(1): 94-101.
[6]	尹小庆，汪浩，莫宇迪，胡攀峰. 考虑路面附着因数的车辆向前碰撞预警时间的优化算法[J]. JASE, 2019, 10(2): 178-183.
[7]	吴俊，向国梁，杨俊辉，等. 汽车自动紧急制动（AEB）行人检测系统的开发与测试[J]. JASE, 2018, 9(4): 401-409.
[8]	程丽丽，刘志刚，毕明岩. 基于平台Arduino 的防酒驾汽车安全启动系统[J]. JASE, 2018, 9(3): 265-271.
[9]	曹立波，刘忠臣，吴俊，姚远，冯谢星. 四合一汽车辅助驾驶系统控制决策的开发与实车测试[J]. JASE, 2017, 08(02): 122-127.
[10]	何祥坤，杨恺明，季学武﹡. 基于集成式线控液压制动系统的车辆稳定性控制[J]. JASE, 2017, 08(02): 170-177.
[11]	朱西产，刘智超，李霖. 基于自然驾驶数据的驾驶员紧急变道行为开环模型[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2015, 6(04): 328-332.
[12]	季学武，刘亚辉，杨恺明，何祥坤. 乘用车电控转向系统的发展趋势[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2015, 6(03): 201-216.
[13]	朱西产，刘智超，李霖. 基于车辆与行人危险工况的转向避撞控制策略[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2015, 6(03): 217-223.