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• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    

PODE 柴油混合燃料对橡胶密封材料溶胀性的影响

沈义涛 1,2，胡 婷 1* ，陈 蜀 1，王 浩1   

  1. （1. 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） 汽车工程学院，威海 264209，中国；2. 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，清华大学，北京 100084，中国）
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-30 出版日期:2018-03-31 发布日期:2018-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 胡婷，女（汉），湖北，工程师。E-mail: huting99@126.com。
  • 作者简介:沈义涛(1982—)，男（汉），湖北，副教授。E-mail: shenyitao@hitwh.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金项目（KF16092）；山东省自然科学基金（ZR2014EEQ034）。

Swelling performance of rubbers in blends of diesel and PODE  

SHEN Yitao 1,2, HU Ting 1*, CHEN Shu 1, WANG Hao 1   

  1. (1. Automotive Engineering Department, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China )
  • Received:2017-11-30 Online:2018-03-31 Published:2018-04-10

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摘要：

      为了解决聚甲氧基二甲醚（PODE）燃料在柴油机应用中的密封性问题，开展了PODE 燃料对橡胶密封材料的溶胀性研究。制备了PODE 体积配比分数为0%~40%的5 种柴油混合燃料，通过浸泡法研究了PODE 和添加剂对5 种常用橡胶密封材料和一种特种材质橡胶溶胀性的影响规律。结果表明：橡胶在溶胀中，其质量和线径变化具有很好的一致性；随着浸泡，初期橡胶质量快速增大，然后维持稳定，最后缓慢下降。在相同PODE 体积分数的混合燃料中，三元乙丙（EPDM）的溶胀一直最明显，其次依次为硅橡胶（QR）、氟橡胶（FKM）、丁腈橡胶（NBR）和氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）；随着PODE 的体积分数的增高，EPDM橡胶的溶胀逐渐减小，而其他橡胶的溶胀逐渐增加。乙醚和醇醚型添加剂可抑制橡胶溶胀，但幅度有限，在10%以内。采用全氟醚型橡胶可以有效解决PODE 和柴油混合燃料的溶胀问题。

关键词: 混合燃料, 柴油, 聚甲氧基二甲醚(PODE) , 橡胶, 溶胀性

Abstract:

The swelling performance of rubbers in blends of diesel and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) was studied to solve the sealing problem when using PODE in diesel engines. Five diesel-PODE blends with 0%~40% PODE were selected as fuel samples and five kinds of normal rubbers and a special rubber
perfluorinated elastomers (FFKM) were selected as sealing materials. Immersion method was used to study the swelling performance. The results show that both mass and diameter of each rubber change in the same trend. The mass of rubbers increases quickly in the initial stage of immersion and then keep stable, and decreases slowly finally. Under the fuels with the same PODE blending ratio, the mass change ratio of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is the biggest and then in sequence of silicon rubber (QR), fluororubber (FKM), nitrilebutadiene rubber (NBR) and hydrogenate nitrile (HNBR). The mass change ratio increases as PODE blending ratio rise for all normal rubbers except EPDM. The mass change ratio decreases as PODE blending ratio rises for EPDM. Diethyl-ether and alcohol-ether type additive could restrict the swelling a little, only lower than 10%.FFKM could solve the swelling problem of diesel-PODE blends well.

Key words: blended fuel, diesel fuel, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE), rubber, swelling