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汽车安全与节能学报

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基于视频信息的汽车碰撞事故中骑车人运动学响应分析

韩 勇，贺 伟，李 泉，王丙雨   

  1. （厦门理工学院，厦门361024，中国）
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-20 出版日期:2017-12-30 发布日期:2018-01-03
  • 作者简介:第一作者：韩勇（1984—），男（汉），江西，副教授。E-mail ：yonghan@xmut.edu.cn。 第二作者：贺伟（1994—），男（汉），江苏，硕士研究生。E-mail ：weihe0309@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目（51775466）；国家外专局高端团队项目（GDT20173600037）；2015 年福建省高校
    杰出青年科研人才培育计划资助（闽教科[2015]54 号）；福建省科技创新平台资助项目（2016H2003）。

Analysis of two-wheelers kinematics before/during/after vehicle collisions based on video records

HAN Yong, HE Wei, LI Quan, WANG Bingyu   

  1. (Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China)
  • Received:2017-10-20 Online:2017-12-30 Published:2018-01-03

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摘要：

       为了能够清楚地理解二轮车交通事故特征及运动学响应，基于二轮车交通事故视频信息对骑车人在碰撞前后的运动学响应进行分析。从互联网上收集200 例二轮车事故视频，对二轮车事故情形、骑车人应急姿态、运动学轨迹和骑车人与地面的碰撞特征进行统计。结果表明，60%的事故车辆是轿车，85%的事故发生位置是在十字路口，80%的事故车辆正在直行，有53%的骑车人在碰撞前有应急姿态；骑车人与地面的二次碰撞中，下肢和头部先着地的概率较大，骑车人的落地姿态对身体部位落地顺序有很大影响。该研究结果对有针对性制定安全对策，降低事故数量和减少二轮车骑车人损伤有重要作用。

关键词: 汽车安全, 交通事故, 二轮车, 运动学响应, 应急姿态, 二次伤害

Abstract:

The kinematics of riders was analyzed based on the 200 two-wheelers accident videos which downloaded from Internet to more clarify the accidents characteristics and the kinematics of two-wheelers before/during/after vehicle collisions. The rider’s collision parameters (e.g., accident scenarios, avoidance
motion, kinematics and trajectory during vehicle impact, and ground contact) were examined. The results show that 60% of vehicles are sedan in these cases, 85% of accidents occur in the crossroad, 80% of accident vehicles are travelling straight ahead and 53.5% of the riders show avoidance motions before collisions. In the ground impact, the most frequency of the landing posture is the head and lower limbs to make the first impact to the ground. The order of riders’ body regions making contact against the ground depends on the landing posture. The research results can provide reference for making the safety countermeasures to reduce the accidents and the injury of the two-wheelers.

Key words: vehicle safety, traffic accident, two-wheelers, kinematics, avoidance motion, ground impact