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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (03): 244-251.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2014.03.004

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

冲击载荷下 Hybrid Ⅲ 假人颈部应力与应变

赖兴华1,2，赵佳庆2，周青1   

  1. 1. 清华大学 汽车工程系，汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京 100084 ；
    2. 清华大学 苏州汽车研究院（相城），苏州 215000
  • 收稿日期:2014-03-04 出版日期:2014-09-25 发布日期:2014-10-08
  • 作者简介:赖兴华（1983 －），男( 汉)，助理研究员。E-mail: laixinghua@tsari.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50975156)

Stress and strain of Hybrid Ⅲ dummy neck under impact loading

LAI Xinghua1,2, ZHAO Jiaqing2, ZHOU Qing1   

  1. 1. Department of Automotive Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China ；
    2. Suzhou Automobile Research Institute (Xiangcheng), Tsinghua University, Suzhou 215000, China
  • Received:2014-03-04 Online:2014-09-25 Published:2014-10-08

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摘要： 为研究对假人颈部软材料在冲击载荷下的动态力学响应, 模拟了摆锤冲击工况和佩戴三点式
安全带的Hybrid Ⅲ假人滑车正面碰撞工况。模拟中，基于验证的HybridⅢ50 百分位男子假人有限
元模型，使用了非线性动态显示有限元仿真分析方法。在两种结构、两类载荷下，比较了颈部橡胶材
料的局部应力和应变。结果表明：法规认证的颈部试验载荷工况比滑车碰撞工况严重。因此，为准确
表征假人橡胶材料的力学行为，需要设计一种能够反映整车碰撞环境下假人颈部变形特征的材料试
验; 试验中，要求应变达到1.5，且应变率达到50 s-1; 其应力状态包括单向拉伸/ 压缩、纯剪切、双
向拉伸/ 压缩，以及体积压缩。

关键词: 汽车安全, 碰撞试验, HybridⅢ假人, 颈部橡胶, 材料表征

Abstract: Certificated dummy neck pendulum impacts and frontal sled tests were simulated to investigate the
dynamic mechanical behaviors of a three-point belted soft material dummy neck under impact loading, using a
validated Hybrid III 50th percentile male finite element model, and a non-linear dynamic explicit finite element
method, respectively. Some dynamic mechanical behaviors such as local stresses and strains of Hybrid III neck
were measured at two structural levels and two loading types. The results show that the loading for a Hybrid
III neck regulated certification test is severer than that for a simulated vehicle crash test. Therefore, some
experimental designs are needed for an accurate material characterization of dummy necks under crash-like
impact loading while the strains in the material tests should reach 1.5 and the strain rates should reach 50 s-1,
with the stress states including simple tension/ compression, pure shear, bi-axial tension/ compression, and bulk
compression.

Key words: crash safety, crash test, Hybrid III dummy, neck rubber, material characterization

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