Review on methanol as fuel for engines and its future prospect

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.05.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Methanol is liquid under ambient temperature and atmosphere, of which is close to gasoline and diesel fuel. It can be produced out by a wide-ranging raw material, such as coal, natural gas, biomass and by carbon dioxide synthetized with hydrogen called the green methanol. The green methanol has been recognized as the fuel with low carbon emission even carbon neutrality, which has been used as marine fuel more and more widely. China is the country with largest productive capacity and production for methanol in global, of which it occupies 60% of global productive capacity and production. China took methanol as fuel to substitute for petroleum oil for many years since 40 years ago. Methanol now has been used as fuel for versatile utility, such as cooking, heat generation for civil and industrial use, furthermore for transportation and constructive machine. The review introduces the methanol production, cognition for methanol toxicity, development of green methanol and practices of methanol in industrial and civil, emphasizes the technical characteristics for utilities in vehicle, marine, locomotive and generation set, and points out the challenges methanol facing with while development as well as its prospect of future development in those fields.

Key words: methanol, methanol fuel, thermal combustion of methanol, methanol vehicles, marine methanol

CLC Number:

TQ517.4

YAO Chunde, YAO Anren. Review on methanol as fuel for engines and its future prospect[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2023, 14(5): 521-535.

Figures/Tables 21

References 49

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性质/单位	甲醇	汽油	柴油
化学式	CH₃OH	C4~C14的烃类化合物	C16~C23的烃类化合物
相对分子质量	32.04	95~120	180~200
C/H原子量比	3.0	5.6~7.4	6.4~7.2
密度（20oC） /（kg·L^-1）	0.792	0.72~0.78	0.82~0.86
冰点/ oC	-96	-57	-1~-4
沸点/ oC	64.7	27~225	180~370
闪点/ oC	12	45	75
自燃温度/ oC	450	350~468	260~350
汽化潜热/（kJ·kg^-1）	1 167	310	270
着火界限（体积分数） / %	6.7~36.5	1.4~6.7	1.5~8.2
低热值/（kJ·kg^-1）	19 930	43 030	42 500
辛烷值（RON）	114.4	89~98	—
十六烷值	3	0~10	45~55
理论空燃比（空气与燃料质量比） /（kg·kg^-1）	6.5	14.8	14.6

性质/单位	甲醇	汽油	柴油
化学式	CH₃OH	C4~C14的烃类化合物	C16~C23的烃类化合物
相对分子质量	32.04	95~120	180~200
C/H原子量比	3.0	5.6~7.4	6.4~7.2
密度（20oC） /（kg·L^-1）	0.792	0.72~0.78	0.82~0.86
冰点/ oC	-96	-57	-1~-4
沸点/ oC	64.7	27~225	180~370
闪点/ oC	12	45	75
自燃温度/ oC	450	350~468	260~350
汽化潜热/（kJ·kg^-1）	1 167	310	270
着火界限（体积分数） / %	6.7~36.5	1.4~6.7	1.5~8.2
低热值/（kJ·kg^-1）	19 930	43 030	42 500
辛烷值（RON）	114.4	89~98	—
十六烷值	3	0~10	45~55
理论空燃比（空气与燃料质量比） /（kg·kg^-1）	6.5	14.8	14.6

指标		甲醇	汽油
吸入低浓度	毒性	3	10
吸入低浓度	可能性	—	10
吸入高浓度	毒性	10	10
吸入高浓度	可能性	3	4
皮肤接触	毒性	9	8
皮肤接触	可能性	3	3
口服	毒性	10	10
口服	可能性	8（2）	3

指标		甲醇	汽油
吸入低浓度	毒性	3	10
吸入低浓度	可能性	—	10
吸入高浓度	毒性	10	10
吸入高浓度	可能性	3	4
皮肤接触	毒性	9	8
皮肤接触	可能性	3	3
口服	毒性	10	10
口服	可能性	8（2）	3

	排放浓度/ [g·(kWh)^-1]					BTE %
	NO_x	PM	CO	THC	BSFC	BTE %
国VI限值	0.40	10.00	1.50	0.13	—	—
原机	11.35	6.20	0.48	0.21	—	—
原机 + DOC + CDPF	10.64	0.40	0.05	0.14	222.5	38.1
DMCC	0.38	35.02	10.60	3.50	—	—
DMCC + DOC + CDPF	0.36	7.66	0.04	0.35	214.6	39.5