速度和载荷对频率法胎压监测系统性能的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2022.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为推广频率法胎压监测系统实际使用,研究了车辆速度和载荷变化对振动频率的影响。以频率法胎压监测原理为基础,设计轮速传感器信号采集电路;对轮速信号异常点和轮齿误差进行修正。通过Fourier变换和模型参数估计2种方法,在40~100 km/h速度区间,在空载（仅前排2人）、半载（4人）、满载（4人加后备箱50 kg）3种载荷状态下,计算了扭转振动频率。进行了试验测试。统计测试结果表明：自由驾驶状态4轮缺气报警时间为6~8 min,速度补偿前报警时间为12~15 min;不同载荷无误报。该方法解决了报警时间过长和误报问题,提高了胎压监测系统性能。

关键词: 汽车安全, 胎压监测, 轮速信号, 振动频率, 谱估计

Abstract:

This paper investigated the influence of vehicle speed and load changes on vibration frequency to popularize the practical application of the tire-pressure monitoring-system with a frequency method. A signal-acquisition circuit of wheel-speed sensors was designed based on the tire-pressure monitoring principle with the frequency method. The wheel-speed signal abnormal points and the gear-tooth errors were corrected. The torsional vibration frequency was calculated by the Fourier transform and by the model parameter estimation, in the speed of 40~100 km/h, under three load states including no-load (2 people in front row), half-load (4 people), and full-load (4 people plus 50 kg in trunk). The experimental tests were carried out. The statistical test results showed that the four-wheel lack of air alarm time in the free driving state was 6~8 min, and the alarm time before speed compensation was 12~15 min; there were no false alarms for different loads. The problem of too long alarm time and false alarm is solved. Therefore, this method improves the performances of tire-pressure monitoring-system.

Key words: vehicle safety, tire pressure monitoring, wheel speed signals, vibration frequency, spectrum estimation

中图分类号:

U461.91

夏怀成, 韩向阳, 胡宽答. 速度和载荷对频率法胎压监测系统性能的影响[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2022, 13(3): 429-437.

XIA Huaicheng, HAN Xiangyang, HU Kuanda. Influence of the speed and load on the tire-pressure monitoring- system performances by frequency method[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2022, 13(3): 429-437.

图/表 15

图1 轮胎等效模型

图2 轮胎振动模型

图3 轮速传感器预处理电路

图4 传感器信号波形图

图5 数据发送电路

图6 轮速异常值修正前后对比

图7 齿圈误差未修正频谱图

图8 齿圈误差修正量

图9 Fourier变换频谱图

图10 AR模型功率谱图

图11 不同速度和载荷分布和轮胎扭转振动频率关系

图12 速度补偿后自由驾驶频率

图13 加速度传感器示意图

图14 空载差分加速度与传感器信号拟合关系

图15 不同载荷与加速度差值关系

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