行人头部与车辆碰撞中旋转速度对颅脑组织响应影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.01.007

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 70-78.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.01.007

行人头部与车辆碰撞中旋转速度对颅脑组织响应影响

刘金明¹(), 马华星¹, 李奎², 李桂兵¹^,^*()

1.湖南科技大学机电工程学院,湘潭 411201,中国
2.陆军军医大学交通医学研究所,重庆 400042,中国

收稿日期:2021-12-11 出版日期:2021-03-31 发布日期:2021-04-02
通讯作者: 李桂兵
作者简介:*李桂兵(1987—),男(汉族),湖南,副教授。E-mail: guibing.li@hnust.edu.cn。
刘金明 (1997—),男(汉族),河北,硕士研究生。Email: 320115636@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51805162);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800788);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(20B233)

The influence of rotational speed of pedestrian head-to-vehicle collision on brain tissue response

LIU Jinming¹(), MA Huaxing¹, LI Kui², LI Guibing¹^,^*()

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
2. Institute for Traffic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China

Received:2021-12-11 Online:2021-03-31 Published:2021-04-02
Contact: LI Guibing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究旋转速度在行人头部与车辆碰撞中对颅脑组织响应影响,对46例真实交通事故进行了运动学重建获得行人头部与车辆碰撞线性、旋转速度分布特征,并依此建立了头部与风挡、发动机罩碰撞有限元仿真模型,分析了头部旋转速度在不同线性速度和碰撞位置下对颅脑应力应变响应影响特征。结果表明：在行人头部与风挡碰撞中,当线性速度小于40 km/h时,颅脑最大主应力和Von Mises应力随头部旋转速度增加而增大, 头部线性速度大于40 km/h时,旋转速度对颅脑响应无显著影响;在行人头部与发动机罩碰撞中,所有工况下颅脑最大主应力和Von Mises应力均随头部旋转速度增加而增大,导致颅脑损伤风险显著增加。因此,在车辆安全性评价时应当考虑头部旋转速度作用及风挡玻璃和发罩碰撞差异。

关键词: 行人碰撞事故, 头部旋转速度, 颅脑损伤风险, 运动学重建, 有限元仿真

Abstract:

A distribution of pedestrian head-vehicle impact linear/rotational speed was firstly obtained by kinematics reconstruction of 46 real world cases to investigate the effect of pedestrian head rotational speed on brain injury risk in vehicle collisions. A finite element (FE) simulations of head-to-windscreen and head-to-bonnet impacts was conducted with these data, and the brain response was analyzed under different head rotational/linear speeds and collision locations. The results show that in head-to-windshield impacts, the maximum principal stress and Von Mises stress increase with the increase of head rotational speed when the linear speed is less than 40 km/h, and the rotational speed has no significant effect on brain response when the linear speed is greater than 40 km/h; for head-to-bonnet impacts, the maximum principal stress and Von Mises stress increase with the increase of head rotational speed under all impact conditions, leading to significant increase in brain injury risk. It is suggested that the effect of head rotational speed and the difference between windshield and bonnet impact should be considered in vehicle safety evaluation.

Key words: pedestrian collision reconstruction, head rotational speed, brain injury, finite element (FE) modeling

中图分类号:

U461.91

刘金明, 马华星, 李奎, 李桂兵. 行人头部与车辆碰撞中旋转速度对颅脑组织响应影响[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2021, 12(1): 70-78.

LIU Jinming, MA Huaxing, LI Kui, LI Guibing. The influence of rotational speed of pedestrian head-to-vehicle collision on brain tissue response[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2021, 12(1): 70-78.

图/表 9

图1 汽车前后轴通过参考标线时的监控录像

图2 车辆与行人碰撞重建模型

图3 仿真与监控视频对比

图4 头部与车辆碰撞线性速度和旋转速度分布

图5 头部碰撞有限元仿真模型

图6 线性速度为20~40 km/h时头部与风挡碰撞中颅脑最大主应变和Von Mises应力随旋转速度变化趋势

图7 线性速度20~40 km/h时头部与发动机罩碰撞中颅脑最大主应变和Von Mises应力随旋转速度变化趋势

图8 线性速度为20~40 km/h时头部-风挡碰撞中颅脑主应变和Von Mises应力分布云图

图9 线性速度为20~40 km/h时头部与发动机罩碰撞中颅脑主应变和Von Mises应力分布云图

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行人头部与车辆碰撞中旋转速度对颅脑组织响应影响

The influence of rotational speed of pedestrian head-to-vehicle collision on brain tissue response

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