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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 47-53.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.01.005

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国语境下纯电动微型车全生命周期碳排放

郝旭1(), 刘成荫1, 姜禹彤1, 王贺武2, 邹岱江3, 钟锐恒1, 戴锋3   

  1. 1.北京科技大学 机械工程学院，北京 100083，中国
    2.清华大学，智能绿色车辆与交通全国重点实验室（原汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室），北京 100084，中国
    3.四川新能源汽车创新中心有限公司，四川宜宾 644000，中国
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-14 修回日期:2023-10-16 出版日期:2024-02-29 发布日期:2024-02-29
  • 作者简介:郝旭（1993—），女（汉），内蒙古，讲师。E-mail: xuhao_research@ustb.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国科协2022年度科技智库青年人才计划(20220615ZZ07110042);汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金课题(KFY2220);广西新能源汽车实验室专项（桂科AA23062086(桂科AA23062086)

Life-cycle carbon emissions of mini-electric vehicles in China's text

HAO Xu1(), LIU Chengyin1, JIANG Yutong1, WANG Hewu2, ZOU Dajiang3, ZHONG Ruiheng1, DAI Feng3   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility (Former: State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    3. Sichuan New Energy Vehicle Innovation Center Co., Ltd, Yibin 644000, China
  • Received:2023-01-14 Revised:2023-10-16 Online:2024-02-29 Published:2024-02-29

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摘要：

为回答中国语境下纯电动微型车能够减碳多少，建立了针对中国语境下的纯电动微型车的全生命周期碳排放的评估模型。基于一组1 030车·天 的纯电动微型车的典型出行数据，使用了与交通有关的温室气体、排放及能耗的全生命周期碳排放核算模型—GREET，该模型包括：制造环节（CTG）、能源周期（WTW）和回收环节（GTC）。结果表明：中国大陆纯电动微型车的日均出行里程37.2 km，73.1%的日出行里程低于50.0 km；在2021年平均电网、采用新欧洲驾驶循环（NEDC）的条件下，纯电动微型车全生命周期CO2当量碳排放为26.8 t，比同级别内燃机汽车低约33%。其中的72%的排放来自纯电动微型车WTW环节，其CO2当量碳排放为19.3 t。电网清洁化程度的提升和动力电池回收比例的增加，将有助于进一步降低纯电动微型车的碳排放。

关键词: 纯电动微型车, 全生命周期碳排放, 出行特征, GREET模型, 制造环节（CTG）, 能源周期（WTW）, 回收环节（GTC）

Abstract:

A life-cycle carbon emission assessment model was developed for mini-electric vehicles in the Chinese context to answer how much carbon reduction would be achieved by mini-electric vehicles in China's context. The research used the GREET (the Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation) model, which including: the cradle-to-gate (CTG), the energy cycle (or well-to-wheel, WTW), and the gate-to-cradle (GTC), based on a typical travel data of 1 030 vehicle·days from mini-electric vehicles. The results show that the mini-electric vehicles' average daily travel distance is 37.2 km, and the daily travel mileage of 73.1% days are less than 50.0 km. With average grid conditions in 2021, the life-cycle carbon emissions (CO2 equivalent) of mini-electric vehicles are 26.8 t per vehicle with the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) driving cycle, which is about 33% lower than that of internal combustion engine vehicles in the same class. The WTW carbon emission (CO2 equivalent) of a mini-electric vehicle is 19.3 t, accounting for 72% of life-cycle emissions. The improvement of power-grid cleanliness and the increase in the power-battery recycling rate of will help to further reduce the carbon emission by pure electric mini vehicles.

Key words: mini-electric vehicles, life-cycle carbon emission, travel pattern, GREET model, cradle-to-gate (CTG), well-to-wheel (WTW), grave-to-cradle (GTC)

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