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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 671-680.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.06.003

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于人—车碰撞事故重建的行人下肢动力学响应与损伤生物力学分析

张道文1,2,3(), 雷毅1(), 任耀1, 汤楷文1, 董鑫驰1, 罗晶1, 胡文浩4,5,*()   

  1. 1.西华大学 汽车与交通学院，成都 610039，中国
    2.汽车测控与安全四川省重点实验室，成都 610039，中国
    3.四川省新能源汽车智能控制与仿真测试技术工程研究中心，成都 610039，中国
    4.国家市场监督管理总局缺陷产品管理中心，北京 100191，中国
    5.国家市场监管重点实验室（产品缺陷与安全），北京 100191，中国
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-02 修回日期:2023-10-07 出版日期:2023-12-31 发布日期:2023-12-26
  • 通讯作者: * 胡文浩，工程师。E-mail：huwh@dpac.org.cn。
  • 作者简介:张道文（1968—），男（汉），四川，教授。E-mail：0119910025@mail.xhu.edu.cn。
    雷毅（1995—），男（汉），四川，硕士研究生。E-mail：1181109828@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中央基本科研业务费项目(282022Y-9462);四川省重点实验室课题项目(QCCK2021-011);平原及高海拔地区车辆事故深度调查与安全性分析研究项目(H232186)

Pedestrian lower limb dynamic response and injury biomechanical analysis based on pedestrian-vehicle collision accident reconstruction

ZHANG Daowen1,2,3(), LEI Yi1(), REN Yao1, TANG Kaiwen1, DONG Xinchi1, LUO Jing1, HU Wenhao4,5,*()   

  1. 1. School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
    2. Vehicle Measurement Control and Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610039, China
    3. Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Energy Vehicle Intelligent Control and Simulation Test Technology of Sichuan, Chengdu 610039, China
    4. Defective Product Administrative Center, State Administration for Market Regulation, Beijing 100191, China
    5. Automobile Product Defect Engineering Analysis Laboratory, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2023-06-02 Revised:2023-10-07 Online:2023-12-31 Published:2023-12-26

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摘要：

为了深入研究人—车碰撞事故中行人的下肢运动响应和生物力学损伤规律，基于国家车辆事故深度调查体系中真实的交通事故案例，建立了人-车碰撞有限元模型并进行了模型有效性的验证。利用THUMS人体模型模拟了行人站立、步行、跑步3种姿态，针对车辆前部横向结构特征选取了3个碰撞位置，分析了行人下肢在碰撞位置的生物力学响应和损伤特点。结果表明：在40 km/h的碰撞初速度下，车辆前部横向结构特征对行人左、右腿的运动响应和损伤有较大影响；行人股骨高风险区域为股骨头和股骨骨干，其最大应力值达到124.9 MPa, 而胫骨高风险区域为胫骨骨干，其最大应力值达到157.2 MPa；行人左腿膝关节最大横向弯曲角37.1°，最大剪切位移12.5 mm，其损伤风险相对于右腿膝关节更高；在车灯碰撞区，行人下肢受到的损伤比车辆其他碰撞区的损伤更低。

关键词: 汽车安全, 人—车碰撞事故, 行人下肢运动响应, 生物力学损伤, 有限元, THUMS假人

Abstract:

Based on real traffic accident cases in the national vehicle accident depth investigation system, a human-vehicle collision finite element model was established and verified to investigate the lower limb kinematic response and biomechanical injury characteristics of pedestrians in human-vehicle collisions. Three postures of pedestrians standing, walking and running, were simulated with THUMS dummy, and three collision positions were selected according to the transverse structure characteristics of the front of the vehicle, and the kinematic response and biomechanical injury of pedestrian lower limbs at the collision position were analyzed. The results show that the lateral structure of the front of the vehicle has a great influence on the motion response and injury of the left and right legs of pedestrians at a collision initial velocity of 40 km/h; the high-risk areas of the pedestrian femur are the femoral head and femoral shaft, with a maximum value of 124.9 MPa, while the high-risk area of the tibia is the tibial shaft, with a maximum value of 157.2 MPa; the maximum transverse bending angle and the maximum shear displacement of the left knee joint reaches 37.1° and 12.5 mm, respectively, and its injury risk is higher than that of the right knee joint; in the headlight collision area, the pedestrian's lower limb sufferes a lower injury than that of the other collision areas.

Key words: automotive safety, human-vehicle collisions, pedestrian lower limb kinematic response, biomechanical injury, finite element, THUMS dummy

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