系统综合效率优化的插电式混合动力车辆的能量管理策略

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提升插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）的动力系统的真实能效,从综合能效最优的角度,研究了插电式混合动力系统能量管理策略。针对系统综合效率的时变性和耦合性,建立了系统效率评价模型,对电池储存电能的效率进行评价和动态修正,以系统综合效率最优为目标,结合粒子群优化算法,构建了能量管理策略。基于GT-Suite和Simulink联合仿真平台,分析了对能量管理策略的应用效果。结果表明：在连续2个“全球统一轻型汽车测试循环(WLTC)”下,与未考虑综合能效的能量管理策略相比,综合能耗降低了10.6%;优化后发动机和电机工况分布均更加合理,且在不同的工况下均能有效降低系统能耗。因此,该能量管理策略能提高插电式混合动力系统能效。

关键词: 插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）, 能量管理策略, 系统综合效率, 效率评价模型, 粒子群优化

Abstract:

A energy management strategy for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) power system was investigated according to the optimal overall energy efficiency to improve the true energy efficiency of a power system of PHEV. A system efficiency evaluation model was established to evaluate and dynamically modify the efficiency of a battery storage of electric energy aiming at the time-varying and coupling of the system's overall efficiency. A energy management strategy was constructed with the goal of optimal system overall efficiency and particle swarm optimization algorithm. The application effect of the energy management strategy was analyzed based on the GT-Suite and Simulink joint simulation platform. The results show that the optimized engine and motor operating conditions are more reasonable compared with the energy management strategy, which does not consider comprehensive energy efficiency, under two consecutive “Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycles (WLTC)”; The comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by 10.6%; The distribution of the optimized engine and motor operating conditions is more reasonable; The system energy consumption is effectively reduced under different working conditions. Therefore, the energy management strategy improves the energy efficiency of plug-in hybrid power systems.

Key words: plug-in hybrid electric vehicles(PHEV), energy management strategy, overall system efficiency, efficiency evaluation function, particle swarm optimization

中图分类号:

U469.7

童盛稳, 陈韬, 谢辉. 系统综合效率优化的插电式混合动力车辆的能量管理策略[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2021, 12(1): 91-99.

TONG Shengwen, CHEN Tao, XIE hui. Energy management strategy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle based on system comprehensive efficiency optimization[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2021, 12(1): 91-99.

图/表 12

整备质量		2.081 t
发动机, eng	排量	2.0 L
	最大功率	140 kW
	最大扭矩	325 Nm
电机2, e1	最大功率	53 kW
	最大扭矩	163 Nm
	最大转速	17 000 r/min
电机1, e2	最大功率	23 kW
	最大扭矩	100 Nm
	最大转速	10 000 r/min
行星排特征参数,K		2.630
MG2减速比,i₁		3.117
齿圈减速比,i₂		0.815
主减速比,i₀		3.947

表1 HEV基本参数

图1 PHEV动力构型图 R—齿圈;C—行星排;S—太阳轮。

图2 混合动力系统对象模型 ICE—发动机：EM—电机：PSD—动力分配装置。

图3 发动机、电机的效率等高图

图4 PSOSCALF算法与规则集成的策略框图

图5 PSOSCALF优化流程图

图6 实际速度与参考速度

图7 发动机工况点分布

图8 电机1及电机2工况点分布对比

图9 优化前后系统综合能耗对比

初始电量/ %		能耗 / kWh
初始电量/ %		WLTC	NEDC
60	优化前	32.76	13.28
60	优化后	29.29	11.62
80	优化前	29.85	9.70
80	优化后	27.52	8.74

表2 不同初始条件及循环下能耗对比

图10 不同初始电量条件及循环下能耗对比

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