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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (4): 313-318.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2012.04.003

• 汽车安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

汽车生产年份和乘员乘坐位置对侧面碰撞下乘员伤害的影响

刘 洋，赖兴华，马春生   

  1. 清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室，北京 100084，中国
  • 收稿日期:2012-06-12 出版日期:2012-12-25 发布日期:2013-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 马春生，博士，助理研究员。E-mail: machunsheng@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:第一作者 / First author ： 刘洋/LIU Yang（1991—），男（汉），山东，工学学士。E-mail: liuyang09@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金（50975156）

Influence of Vehicle Model Year and Occupant Seating Position on Serious Injury RIsk in Near-Side Collision

LIU Yang, LAI Xinghua, MA Chunsheng   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Received:2012-06-12 Online:2012-12-25 Published:2013-01-05

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摘要： 研究了不同年份生产的四门轿车对不同乘坐位置乘员在侧面碰撞中的保护效果。碰撞数据来
源于NHTSA NCAP 的可移动变形壁障碰撞试验(MDB) 数据库。分析了被测试车辆的几何特征和碰撞后
的压溃变形。用头部伤害指标HIC、胸部伤害指标TTI 和骨盆横向加速度峰值PPLA 等损伤参数，评
估碰撞过程中乘员不同身体部位遭受严重伤害风险。结果表明：不同乘坐位置乘员的所有伤害指标均
随着汽车生产年份的增加而降低；新车型中后排乘员的胸部和头部伤害风险比前排乘员高；乘员约束
系统的有效性和乘员的乘坐位置紧密相关。因此，应加强汽车后排乘员的伤害机理的研究和保护胸
部和头部安防设计。

关键词: 汽车碰撞安全, 侧面碰撞, 后排座椅, 头部伤害指标(HIC), 胸部伤害指标(TTI), 骨盆横向
加速度峰值(PPLA), 可移动变形壁(MDB), 新车评价规程 (NCAP）

Abstract: The crash safety of four-door sedans in near-side impacts was investigated with respect to the
vehicle model year and the occupant seating position to predict serious injury risks, using the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) moving deformable barrier (MDB)
tests database as the data sources. The test vehicle geometrical characteristics and the crush deformation
were summarized with the head injury criteria (HIC), the thoracic trauma index (TTI), and the peak pelvis lateral
acceleration (PPLA) used to evaluate serious injury risks for different body regions of occupants. The results
show that these injury criteria all decrease with increasing vehicle model year for both front and rear seat
occupants. Much higher risks of serious head and thoracic injury occur for rear seat occupants compared with
the front seat occupants for newer vehicle models. Restraint effectiveness is closely related to occupant seating
positions. Therefore, the head and thoracic injury mechanism and countermeasures should be emphasized for
rear seat occupants.

Key words: automotive crash safety, near-side collision, rear seat, head injury criteria (HIC), thoracic trauma
index (TTI), peak pelvis lateral acceleration (PPLA), moving deformable barrier (MDB), New Car
Assessment Program (NCAP)

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