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汽车安全与节能学报

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (1): 82-86.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2013.01.012

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

针刺速度对动力锂离子电池安全性的影响

  

  1. 1. 中国汽车技术研究中心，天津 300300，中国；
    2. 江西省电力科学研究院，南昌 330096，中国
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-30 出版日期:2013-03-25 发布日期:2013-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘仕强（1985—），男（汉），山东，助理工程师。E-mail ：liushiqiang@catarc.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:刘仕强（1985—），男（汉），山东，助理工程师。E-mail ：liushiqiang@catarc.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家“八六三”高技术项目（2011AA11A286） ；国家电网公司资助项目（无编号）

Influence of penetration speeds on power Li-ion-cell’s
safety performance

  1. 1. China Automotive Technology and Research Center, Tianjin 300300, China;
    2. Jiangxi Electric Power Research Institute, Nanchang 330096, China
  • Received:2013-01-30 Online:2013-03-25 Published:2013-03-27

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摘要： 动力电池的安全性是制约其在电动汽车上使用的关键因素。电池的内部短路是影响动力电池
安全的重要原因。在机械滥用试验中经常采用针刺试验来模拟内部短路。本文参照中国汽车行业标
准《电动汽车用锂离子蓄电池》，以圆柱型和软包两款磷酸铁锂体系动力电池为研究对象，采用直径
为3 mm 的耐高温钢针，以不同的穿刺速度进行针刺试验，分析试验过程中电池电压和表面温度的变
化，研究不同针刺速度对电池安全性的影响。试验结果表明：针刺速度对圆柱型电池的针刺安全性
影响较小，而软包电池随着针刺速度的提高，热失控的可能性提高。

关键词: 电动汽车, 安全性, 动力电池, 内部短路, 针刺速度

Abstract: Power-battery safety performance is a key factor in electric vehicle applications. The inner shortcircuit
is a root cause of battery safety issues, which is usually simulated by nail-penetration tests in the
mechanical abuse tests. This paper studies the influence of nail-penetration speeds on the power battery
safety performance. Two types of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) ion batteries, cylindrical cells and soft-package
cells, were tested referring the standard of "Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicle" for vehicle industries in
China. The nail-penetration tests were conducted at different nail-penetration speeds for nails, which can bear
high-temperature, with a diameter of 3 mm. The cell voltage and the surface temperature were monitored and
analyzed to reflect the influence of different nail speeds on the safety performance. The results show that the
nail-penetration speeds have low impact on the cylindrical cells compared with that on the soft-package cells.
As for the soft-package cells, the thermal run away becomes more serious with increasing nail speeds.

Key words: electrical vehicle, safety performance, power battery, internal short circuit, nail speed

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