欢迎访问《汽车安全与节能学报》，
汽车安全与节能学报

JASE ›› 2013, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (4): 300-314.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2013.04.002

• 综述与展望 • 上一篇    下一篇

汽车的社会成本与大气污染治理

李春利   

  1. 爱知大学 经济学院，名古屋 453-8777，日本国
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-06 出版日期:2013-12-25 发布日期:2014-01-15
  • 作者简介:李春利，日本爱知大学经济学院教授，浙江大学讲座教授，南开大学兼职教授，日本爱知大学—中国人民大学—南开大学联合培养博士课程博士生导师，美国麻省理工学院国际汽车研究计划兼职研究员，东京大学制造管理研究中心特聘研究员，在日华人汽车工程师协会副会长。李教授主要从事汽车产业政策、汽车社会政策以及创新和精益化管理研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目（71072021, 71172176）

Automotive social cost and the regulation on air pollution

Li Chunli   

  1. Faculty of Economics, Aichi University, Nagoya 453-8777, Japan
  • Received:2013-12-06 Online:2013-12-25 Published:2014-01-15
  • About author:Prof. LI Chunli，is a professor of the Faculty of Economics of Aichi University, Japan, a chair professor of Zhejiang University, and a part-time professor of Nankai University. He also works as a academic supervisor for Ph D candidates of the Ph D program jointly operated by Aichi University (Japan), Remin University of China, and Nankai University. At the same time he is also working as an affiliated researcher of the International Motor Vehicle Program of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Manufacturing Management Research Center of University of Tokyo, and vice president of the Japan Chinese Society of Automotive Engineers (JCSAE). His research field covers the automotive industrial and social policies, innovation and lean management.

PDF

2570

摘要： 本文导入汽车的社会成本这一核心概念，运用经济学关于社会成本和外部性理论及其分析
方法，就汽车社会的负面效应、尤其以PM2.5 为代表的大气污染治理政策做一重点分析。该文分析了
汽车使用的社会成本和负外部性问题，从如何使“外部成本内在化”的角度分析环境规制的必要性，
阐明汽车的过度使用所导致大气污染的基本原理；聚焦雾霾与汽车尾气问题，以日本为主要案例，系
统分析了颗粒物（PM）与氮氧化物（NOx）的排放控制历程；以东京治理柴油车尾气污染的政策为例，重
点分析了大城市如何应对颗粒物排放的经验与方法，并对中国政策制定者提出了若干建议。

关键词: 汽车社会, 社会成本, 外部成本内部化, 颗粒物(PM) , PM2.5 , NOx

Abstract: The core concept of automotive social cost was introduced by using the theories and analytical
tools of social cost and externality of economics with analyzing the policies for some regulation of air pollution,
which have some negative effects of automobiles, and is represented by the treatments over PM 2.5 particles.
Some issues related to automotive social cost were analyzed with the negative externality, and the necessity
of environmental regulation was elaborated through the perspective of "internalizing an externality", with an
explanation over the basic rules of air pollution caused by excessive using automobiles, putting focus on
hazes and automotive exhausts, and taking a systematic case over Japan's process of regulating PM and NOx
emissions. A specific discussion was focused on the experiences and the methods of Tokyo to treat particulate
matter emissions, as a sample of a city's regulation over the exhausts of diesel fuel vehicles. Some proposals
were made to the policy makers in China.

Key words: automotive society, social cost, internalizing an externality, particulate matter (PM), PM 2.5, NOx

中图分类号: