基于全样本数据的三轴货车外廓分布特征与比功率分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.06.007

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (6): 856-865.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2024.06.007

基于全样本数据的三轴货车外廓分布特征与比功率分析

侯珊珊¹(), 陶超², 杜江², 胡祖敏³, 徐进¹^,^*()

1.重庆交通大学交通运输学院，重庆 400074，中国
2.重庆交大交通安全科技研究院有限公司，重庆 400074，中国
3.中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司，湖北 430000，中国

收稿日期:2023-12-04 修回日期:2024-02-21 出版日期:2024-12-31 发布日期:2025-01-01
通讯作者: *徐进，教授。E-mail：yhnl_996699@163.com。
作者简介:侯珊珊（2000—），女（汉），重庆，硕士研究生。E-mail：18883044825@163.com。
基金资助:
重庆市交通科技项目(CQJT-CZKJ2023-22)

Analysis of the distribution characteristics of overall dimensions and specific power of three axle trucks based on full sample data

HOU Shanshan¹(), TAO Chao², DU Jiang², HU Zumin³, XU Jin¹^,^*()

1. College of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
2. Chongqing Jiaotong University Traffic Safety Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd, Chongqing 400074, China
3. CCCC Second Highway Consultants CO., LTD., Hubei 430000, China

Received:2023-12-04 Revised:2024-02-21 Online:2024-12-31 Published:2025-01-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提升交通安全，减少重大交通事故的发生率，并为公路相关设计标准/规范的载货汽车设计车辆参数修订提供依据，研究了中国载货汽车的比功率（功率与车辆总质量的比率）分布特征。运用统计学，分析了“卡车之家”网站上中国大陆三轴货车的外廓尺寸和比功率的分布，确定了三轴货车的外廓尺寸和比功率最低值的推荐值。结果表明：自卸车和载货车的车身宽度比较接近，都是分布在2.5~2.55 m，但自卸车的车身长度和轴距均比载货车低2 m左右，高度比载货车低0.5 m左右。比功率与最大扭矩的相关性强，与排量的相关性一般。根据统计结果，建议载货汽车设计车辆外廓尺寸值应修正为12.00 m×2.55 m×4.00 m，轴距为8 m，前悬为1.6 m，后悬为4 m；同时，建议载货汽车比功率值取8.6 kW·t^-1。

关键词: 交通运输, 车辆设计, 三轴货车, 外廓尺寸, 比功率

Abstract:

The distribution characteristics of specific power (the ratio of the power to the truck total mass) were investigated for trucks in China to improve traffic safety, to reduce the incidence of major traffic accidents, and to provide the evidence for the revision of truck design vehicle parameters in highway related design standards or specifications. Using statistics, the distribution of the outline size and specific power of the three-axle trucks in mainland China on the 'Truck House' website was analyzed; And the recommended values of the minimum value of the outline size and specific power of the three-axle trucks were determined. The results show that the body width of the dump truck and the truck is relatively close, which is distributed between 2.5~2.55 m, but the body length and wheelbase of the dump truck are about 2 m lower than that of the truck, and the height is about 0.5 m lower than that of the truck. The correlation between specific power and maximum torque is strong, and the correlation with displacement is general. The statistical results suggest that the outline size of the truck design vehicle should be corrected to 12.00 m × 2.55 m × 4.00 m with the wheelbase of 8 m, the front suspension of 1.6 m, and the rear suspension of 4 m; and the truck specific power should be 8.6 kW·t^-1.

Key words: traffic, vehicle design, three-axle trucks, profile dimensions, specific power

中图分类号:

U469.2

侯珊珊, 陶超, 杜江, 胡祖敏, 徐进. 基于全样本数据的三轴货车外廓分布特征与比功率分析[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2024, 15(6): 856-865.

HOU Shanshan, TAO Chao, DU Jiang, HU Zumin, XU Jin. Analysis of the distribution characteristics of overall dimensions and specific power of three axle trucks based on full sample data[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2024, 15(6): 856-865.

图/表 15

参考文献 13

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车型百分位	比功率 / (kW·t^-1)
	自卸车			载货车
	6×2	6×4	全部	6×2	6×4	全部
15^th	6.48	9.88	6.91	7.2	8.84	7.2
50^th	6.61	10.88	10.28	8.33	10	8.6
85^th	7.94	12.96	12.64	10.28	11.2	10.28
平均值	6.98	11.26	10.18	8.53	10.24	8.86

车型百分位	比功率 / (kW·t^-1)
	自卸车			载货车
	6×2	6×4	全部	6×2	6×4	全部
15^th	6.48	9.88	6.91	7.2	8.84	7.2
50^th	6.61	10.88	10.28	8.33	10	8.6
85^th	7.94	12.96	12.64	10.28	11.2	10.28
平均值	6.98	11.26	10.18	8.53	10.24	8.86

驱动形式	特征参数 / m
	6×2车辆							6×4车辆
	Z₁	Z₂	L_vel	W_vel	H_vel	Q	X	Z₁	Z₂	L_vel	W_vel	H_vel	Q	X
平均值	6.730	5.830	11.03	2.540	3.74	1.470	2.79	6.070	5.430	10.11	2.51	3.32	1.43	2.79
标准差	0.970	0.910	1.370	0.038	0.35	0.056	0.51	0.700	0.630	1.33	0.02	0.29	0.07	0.57
85^th	7.500	6.500	12.00	2.550	4.00	1.530	3.27	6.595	5.960	11.99	2.55	3.66	1.53	3.42
95^th	7.550	6.600	12.00	2.550	4.00	1.540	3.34	7.400	6.675	12.00	2.55	3.77	1.54	3.48
最大值	8.375	7.675	12.00	2.550	4.00	1.580	3.44	7.775	7.075	12.00	2.55	4.00	1.54	3.50

驱动形式	特征参数 / m
	6×2车辆							6×4车辆
	Z₁	Z₂	L_vel	W_vel	H_vel	Q	X	Z₁	Z₂	L_vel	W_vel	H_vel	Q	X
平均值	6.730	5.830	11.03	2.540	3.74	1.470	2.79	6.070	5.430	10.11	2.51	3.32	1.43	2.79
标准差	0.970	0.910	1.370	0.038	0.35	0.056	0.51	0.700	0.630	1.33	0.02	0.29	0.07	0.57
85^th	7.500	6.500	12.00	2.550	4.00	1.530	3.27	6.595	5.960	11.99	2.55	3.66	1.53	3.42
95^th	7.550	6.600	12.00	2.550	4.00	1.540	3.34	7.400	6.675	12.00	2.55	3.77	1.54	3.48
最大值	8.375	7.675	12.00	2.550	4.00	1.580	3.44	7.775	7.075	12.00	2.55	4.00	1.54	3.50

特性参数	比功率 / (kW·t^-1)
最小值	5.21
平均值	8.86
标准差	1.65
50^th	8.60
85^th	10.28
最大值	16.60

基于全样本数据的三轴货车外廓分布特征与比功率分析

Analysis of the distribution characteristics of overall dimensions and specific power of three axle trucks based on full sample data

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