基于电磁屏蔽的专用车辆屏蔽箱体结构优化及仿真验证

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.06.004

汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 681-687.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2023.06.004

基于电磁屏蔽的专用车辆屏蔽箱体结构优化及仿真验证

陈一哲(), 于成杰, 杨郁森, 霍嘉宸, 王辉()

武汉理工大学汽车工程学院，武汉 430000，中国

收稿日期:2023-06-08 修回日期:2023-07-13 出版日期:2023-12-31 发布日期:2023-12-29
通讯作者: * 王辉，教授。E-mail：huiwang@whut.edu.cn。
作者简介:陈一哲（1990—），男（汉），湖北，研究员。E-mail：yzchen@whut.edu.cn。
基金资助:
青年人才托举工程(2021QNRC001);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022T150278);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M710062);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52175360)

Structural optimization and simulation verification of the special vehicles shielding box based on electromagnetic shielding

CHEN Yizhe(), YU Chengjie, YANG Yusen, HUO Jiachen, WANG Hui()

College of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430000, China

Received:2023-06-08 Revised:2023-07-13 Online:2023-12-31 Published:2023-12-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为满足专用汽车轻量化与安全的要求，减少专用汽车电磁干扰，该文以专用车辆碳纤维复合材料电磁屏蔽箱为研究对象，使用Ansys Electronics Desktop软件对专用汽车结构设计方案进行了仿真试验，研究了屏蔽箱体厚度、开孔形状对电磁屏蔽性能的影响，并进行轻量化设计优化。结果表明：在低频率和高频率频段的电磁干扰下，箱体的厚度与屏蔽效能呈正相关；相同开孔面积下，箱体的开孔形状为圆形时屏蔽效能更好，而在谐振频率频段内上述因素无明显影响。经过轻量化设计优化后的车体屏蔽箱结构在低频率和高频率频段，屏蔽效能分别达到46.3 dB、32.2 dB，符合专用车辆对电磁屏蔽性能的要求。

关键词: 电磁屏蔽, 箱体结构, 屏蔽效能优化, 仿真分析

Abstract:

In order to meet the requirements of lightweight design and safety for specialized vehicles, and reduce electromagnetic interference, the study focused on the electromagnetic shielding box made of carbon fiber composite material for specialized vehicles. Simulation experiments on the design scheme of specialized vehicles were conducted using Ansys Electronics Desktop software. The influence of the thickness of the shielding box and the shape of the hole on the electromagnetic shielding performance was investigated, and lightweight design optimization was performed. The results show that the thickness of the box is positively correlated with the shielding efficiency under the electromagnetic interference of low frequency band and high frequency band. Under the same hole area, the shielding efficiency is better when the opening shape of the box is round, and the above factors have no obvious influence in the resonant frequency band. After lightweight design optimization, the shielding box structure of the vehicle achieves a shielding effectiveness of 46.3 dB and 32.2 dB in the low-frequency and high-frequency ranges, respectively, which meets the requirements of specialized vehicles for electro-magnetic shielding performance.

Key words: electromagnetic shielding, box structure, shielding performance optimization, simulation analysis

中图分类号:

陈一哲, 于成杰, 杨郁森, 霍嘉宸, 王辉. 基于电磁屏蔽的专用车辆屏蔽箱体结构优化及仿真验证[J]. 汽车安全与节能学报, 2023, 14(6): 681-687.

CHEN Yizhe, YU Chengjie, YANG Yusen, HUO Jiachen, WANG Hui. Structural optimization and simulation verification of the special vehicles shielding box based on electromagnetic shielding[J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2023, 14(6): 681-687.

图/表 11

频率范围	测量值	数学表达式
50 Hz ~ 20 MHz	H₁、H₂	SE = 20 lg (H₁/ H₂)
20 ~ 300 / MHz	E₁、E₂	SE = 20 lg (E₁/ E₂)
0.3 ~ 100 GHz	E₁、E₂	SE = 20 lg (E₁/ E₂)

表1 屏蔽效能的数学表达式

图1 d = 6 mm屏蔽箱体电场和磁场云图

图2 d = 10 mm屏蔽箱体磁场和电场云图

图3 d = 14 mm屏蔽箱体磁场和电场云图

图4 不同壁厚的箱体磁场和电场分布

图5 矩形开口和圆形开口模型

图6 不同长宽比矩形开口模型在不同频率磁场下的磁场和电场

图7 圆形开口模型在不同频率磁场下的磁场和电场分布云图

图8 圆形和矩形开口模型在不同频率下的磁场和电场

图9 改进后的专用车辆屏蔽箱体模型图

图10 优化开口模型在不同频率下的磁场和电场分布图

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基于电磁屏蔽的专用车辆屏蔽箱体结构优化及仿真验证

Structural optimization and simulation verification of the special vehicles shielding box based on electromagnetic shielding

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