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汽车安全与节能学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1): 79-83.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8484.2021.01.008

• 汽车节能与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

电价在风能和太阳能装机容量较高的国家会更高吗?（2019年数据）

Gautam Kalghatgi()   

  1. 牛津大学 工程科学系，伦敦 OX1 3PJ, 英国
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-09 出版日期:2021-03-31 发布日期:2021-04-02
  • 作者简介:Gautam Kalghatgi (UK), Professor, a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering / 教授, 英国皇家工程院院士。Email: kalghatgig@gmail.com。

Are domestic electricity prices higher in countries with higher installed capacity of wind and solar? (2019 data)

Gautam Kalghatgi()   

  1. Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, London OX1 3PJ, U.K.
  • Received:2021-09-09 Online:2021-03-31 Published:2021-04-02

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摘要：

该文将欧洲、亚洲和美洲20个不同国家的国内电价（P）与2019年的总发电量、装机容量以及风能和太阳能提供的实际能源（间歇型能源，VER）的各种组合进行比较，发现各国国内电价与间歇型能源的人均装机容量之间存在正相关关系，但比过去报道的在欧洲的关系要弱一些。与各国国内电价相关性最强的是风和太阳能在额定容量下连续工作的最大可用能量与实际总发电量的比值，其R2值为0.71。各种相关性表明，尽管可能还有其他政策上的选择，但通过使用其他无CO2的能源或用更高的容量因子获得更高效的间歇型能源以减少间歇型能源提供的电力比例，可以缓解可变可再生能源对各国国内电价的影响。

关键词: 风能, 太阳能, 电能, 国内电价, 间歇型能源, 容量因子

Abstract:

Domestic electricity price (P) from twenty different countries in Europe, Asia and America is compared with various combinations of the total electricity generation, the installed capacity and the actual energy delivered by wind and solar (variable renewable energy, VRE) in 2019. There is a positive correlation between P and per capita installed capacity of VRE but it is weaker than reported in the past just for Europe. The strongest correlation, with an R2 of 0.71, of P is with the ratio of the maximum possible energy from wind and solar working continuously at rated capacity to the actual total electricity generation. The various correlations suggest that, though there would also be other policy options, the impact of VRE on P can be moderated by reducing the fraction of electricity supplied by VRE through the use of other CO2-free energy sources and/or more efficient VRE via higher capacity factors.

Key words: wind energy, solar energy, electricity, domestic electricity prices, variable renewable energy (VRE), capacity factor

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